Find HS Code and trade information for curved

Curved

The term "curved" broadly describes objects possessing an arc, bend, or other non-linear form, diverging from a straight line or flat plane. This characteristic impacts material properties, functionality, and applications across numerous fields.

Material Considerations

The ability of a material to be formed into a curve depends on its ductility and malleability.

• Metals: Highly ductile metals like steel, aluminum, and copper are commonly used for curved structures. Processes like bending, rolling, and forging are employed.
• Polymers: Plastics and composites can be thermoformed, injection molded, or extruded into curved shapes. Flexibility varies significantly based on the polymer type.
• Wood: Wood can be bent when softened through steaming or lamination, though it possesses limited inherent curvature.
• Glass: Glass is formed into curves through slumping, bending, and specialized casting techniques.
• Natural Materials: Materials like bamboo and certain plant fibers exhibit natural curves and can be utilized in curved construction.

Purpose and Function

Curvature serves a diverse range of functional purposes:

• Structural Strength: Arched shapes distribute loads more efficiently than straight lines, enhancing structural integrity (e.g., arches in bridges and buildings).
• Aerodynamics/Hydrodynamics: Curved surfaces minimize drag and optimize flow in applications like aircraft wings, ship hulls, and vehicle bodies.
• Ergonomics: Curved designs often conform better to the human body, improving comfort and usability (e.g., chair backs, handles).
• Aesthetics: Curves are frequently incorporated for visual appeal and stylistic effect.
• Optical Properties: Curved lenses and mirrors manipulate light for focusing, magnification, or distortion.

Usage Scenarios

Curved elements are prevalent in:

• Architecture: Arches, domes, curved walls, roofs.
• Transportation: Vehicle bodies, aircraft wings, ship hulls, railway tracks.
• Furniture: Chair backs, table tops, cabinet doors.
• Optics: Lenses, mirrors, prisms.
• Sports Equipment: Skis, snowboards, baseball bats.
• Medical Devices: Prosthetics, surgical instruments.
• Packaging: Curved containers, blister packs.

Common Types/Examples

• Circular Curves: Defined by a radius; found in arches, domes, and circular windows.
• Elliptical Curves: Defined by two foci; used in architectural designs and optical systems.
• Parabolic Curves: Defined by a focus and directrix; used in reflectors and antennas.
• Spline Curves: Defined by control points; used in computer-aided design for smooth, complex shapes.
• Catenary Curves: Formed by a hanging chain; used in suspension bridges and architectural designs.
• Clothoid Curves (Euler Spirals): Used in road and railway design to provide gradual transitions between straight lines and circular arcs.
• Hyperbolic Curves: Used in cooling towers and certain architectural structures.

Based on the provided information, the term "curved" suggests goods potentially related to bent or formed materials. Here are relevant HS codes found within the reference material:

• 7006001000: Glass of heading 7003, 7004 or 7005, bent, edge-worked, engraved, drilled, enameled or otherwise worked, but not framed or fitted with other materials: Strips not over 15.2 cm in width, measuring over 2 mm in thickness, and having all longitudinal edges ground or otherwise smoothed or processed.

  • 70: Glass and glassware. This chapter covers various types of glass products.
  • 06: Glass of heading 7003, 7004 or 7005, bent, edge-worked, engraved, drilled, enameled or otherwise worked. This heading specifically focuses on glass that has undergone processing like bending.
  • 001000: Strips not over 15.2 cm in width, measuring over 2 mm in thickness, and having all longitudinal edges ground or otherwise smoothed or processed. This subheading further defines the type of processed glass.

• 7006002000: Glass of heading 7003, 7004 or 7005, bent, edge-worked, engraved, drilled, enameled or otherwise worked, but not framed or fitted with other materials: Other: Glass, drawn or blown and not containing wire netting and not surface ground or polished.

  • 70: Glass and glassware.
  • 06: Glass of heading 7003, 7004 or 7005, bent, edge-worked, engraved, drilled, enameled or otherwise worked.
  • 002000: Other: Glass, drawn or blown and not containing wire netting and not surface ground or polished. This specifies glass that has been bent but doesn't include wire netting or surface polishing.

• 9401692010: Seats (other than those of heading 9402), whether or not convertible into beds, and parts thereof: Other seats, with wooden frames: Other: Bent-wood seats Household.

  • 94: Furniture; bedding, mattresses, support, stuffing and similar furnishings; lamps, lighting fittings, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings.
  • 01: Seats (other than those of heading 9402), whether or not convertible into beds, and parts thereof.
  • 692010: Other seats, with wooden frames: Other: Bent-wood seats Household. This specifically refers to household bent-wood seats with wooden frames.

• 9403304000: Other furniture and parts thereof: Wooden furniture of a kind used in offices: Bent-wood furniture.

  • 94: Furniture; bedding, mattresses, support, stuffing and similar furnishings; lamps, lighting fittings, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings.
  • 03: Other furniture and parts thereof.
  • 304000: Wooden furniture of a kind used in offices: Bent-wood furniture. This refers to bent-wood furniture specifically designed for office use.

• 9403604000: Other wooden furniture: Bent-wood furniture.

  • 94: Furniture; bedding, mattresses, support, stuffing and similar furnishings; lamps, lighting fittings, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings.
  • 03: Other furniture and parts thereof.
  • 604000: Bent-wood furniture. This refers to bent-wood furniture not specifically designated for office use.

Regarding HS codes 9401692010, 9403304000, and 9403604000, the reference material does not provide specific declaration precautions or required documents beyond the standard requirements for furniture imports.