Find HS Code and trade information for fingerprint lock

Fingerprint Lock

A fingerprint lock is a security system that uses a person's unique fingerprint as a form of authentication to grant access to a physical space or device. It operates on the principle of biometric identification, specifically dermatoglyphics – the study of fingerprint patterns.

Material

Fingerprint locks utilize several materials in their construction:

• Sensor: Typically made of capacitive, optical, or ultrasonic sensors. Capacitive sensors are common in smartphones, optical sensors were prevalent in older models, and ultrasonic sensors offer higher security and performance.
• Housing: Constructed from durable materials like stainless steel, aluminum alloys, zinc alloys, or plastics (ABS, polycarbonate) to withstand wear and tear, and potentially environmental factors.
• Internal Mechanics: Includes a microprocessor, memory chip to store fingerprint data, and a locking mechanism (solenoid, motor, gears) to control access.
• Power Source: May use batteries (lithium-ion, alkaline) or be hardwired to a power supply.

Purpose

The primary purpose of a fingerprint lock is to provide a secure and convenient method of access control. They aim to replace or supplement traditional methods like keys, PIN codes, or card access systems.

Function

The functionality of a fingerprint lock involves the following stages:

1. Enrollment: The user’s fingerprint is scanned and stored in the lock's memory. This typically involves multiple scans from different angles to create a detailed fingerprint template.
2. Verification/Authentication: When a user attempts access, their fingerprint is scanned again.
3. Comparison: The lock's processor compares the newly scanned fingerprint with the stored template.
4. Access Control: If the fingerprints match within a pre-defined tolerance level, the lock unlocks. Otherwise, access is denied.

Usage Scenarios

Fingerprint locks are employed in a wide variety of applications:

• Smartphones and Tablets: Used for device unlocking and app security.
• Door Locks: Residential, commercial, and industrial security.
• Laptop Computers: Enhanced security for data protection.
• Time and Attendance Systems: Accurate employee tracking.
• Automotive: Keyless entry and ignition systems.
• Safes and Storage: Protecting valuables.
• Access Control for Buildings: Restricting access to sensitive areas.

Common Types

Several types of fingerprint lock technologies are available:

• Optical Scanners: Utilize light to capture a visual image of the fingerprint. Older technology, susceptible to spoofing.
• Capacitive Scanners: Measure the ridges and valleys of the fingerprint by sensing capacitance variations. Common in smartphones, relatively secure.
• Ultrasonic Scanners: Use sound waves to create a 3D map of the fingerprint. Highly secure, less susceptible to spoofing, and can function with wet or dirty fingers.
• Live Scan Fingerprint Sensors: Detects live skin characteristics like blood flow, enhancing security against fake fingerprints.
• Software-Based Fingerprint Locks: Utilize a smartphone's camera and software algorithms for fingerprint scanning. Less secure than dedicated hardware sensors.

Based on the material, use, function, and application scenarios, a fingerprint lock is an electric sound or visual signaling apparatus used for security purposes, specifically a burglar alarm.

Here are the relevant HS codes:

• 8531100035: Electric sound or visual signaling apparatus (for example, bells, sirens, indicator panels, burglar or fire alarms), other than those of heading 8512 or 8530; parts thereof: Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus Other: Burglar alarms.

  • 85: Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof.
  • 31: Electric sound or visual signaling apparatus.
  • 10: Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus.
  • 00: Other.
  • 35: Burglar alarms.

• 8531100045: Electric sound or visual signaling apparatus (for example, bells, sirens, indicator panels, burglar or fire alarms), other than those of heading 8512 or 8530; parts thereof: Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus Other: Other.

  • 85: Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof.
  • 31: Electric sound or visual signaling apparatus.
  • 10: Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus.
  • 00: Other.
  • 45: Other.

Regarding HS codes 8531100035 and 8531100045, the total tax rate is 56.3%. This consists of a basic tariff of 1.3% and an additional tariff of 25.0%, increasing to 30.0% after April 2, 2025.