| HS Code | Official Doc | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Effective Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9033009000 | Doc | 59.4% | CN | US | 2025-05-12 |
Fingerprint Lock 2
A fingerprint lock, specifically referencing a “2” designation implying a second generation or updated model, is a biometric security device that utilizes an individual’s unique fingerprint characteristics for authentication and access control.
Material
Fingerprint locks are constructed from a variety of materials, chosen for durability, security, and environmental resistance. Common materials include:
- Metals: Zinc alloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloys are frequently used for the lock body and structural components due to their strength and resistance to tampering.
- Plastics: ABS or polycarbonate plastics are used for housings and internal components, offering lightweight construction and cost-effectiveness.
- Silicon/Semiconductor: The fingerprint sensor itself is typically made from capacitive or optical silicon-based materials.
- Electronics: Circuit boards, microprocessors, and batteries are integral components.
Purpose
The primary purpose of a fingerprint lock is to provide secure access control without the need for traditional keys, PIN codes, or cards. They offer enhanced security and convenience.
Function
Fingerprint locks function by:
- Scanning: Capturing an image or data representation of a user’s fingerprint. This is achieved through various sensor technologies (see Common Types).
- Feature Extraction: Identifying unique characteristics (minutiae) within the fingerprint, such as ridge endings, bifurcations, and loops.
- Template Storage: Storing the extracted fingerprint data as a digital template. This template is not the actual fingerprint image, but a mathematical representation of it.
- Matching: Comparing the scanned fingerprint against the stored templates. If a sufficient match is found, the lock is unlocked.
Usage Scenarios
Fingerprint locks are employed in a wide range of applications:
- Residential Security: Door locks for homes, apartments, and smart homes.
- Commercial Security: Access control for offices, data centers, and restricted areas.
- Personal Security: Laptop locks, smartphone security, external hard drive protection.
- Automotive Security: Vehicle access and ignition systems.
- Time and Attendance Systems: Employee clock-in/clock-out systems.
- Safes and Lockers: Securing valuables and personal belongings.
Common Types
Fingerprint lock technology has evolved, resulting in several sensor types:
- Capacitive Sensors: These sensors are the most common type. They use an array of tiny capacitors to map the ridges and valleys of a fingerprint. They offer good accuracy and are relatively inexpensive.
- Optical Sensors: These sensors use light to capture an image of the fingerprint. While older technology, they are still used in some applications. They can be susceptible to dirt and damage.
- Ultrasonic Sensors: These sensors use sound waves to create a 3D map of the fingerprint. They are highly accurate and can work even with dirty or damaged fingers, but are more expensive.
- Resistive Sensors: An older technology, these sensors measure the resistance of the fingerprint ridges. Less common due to lower accuracy.
- Live Fingerprint Detection (LFD): Many modern fingerprint locks incorporate LFD technology to prevent spoofing attacks using fake fingerprints. This verifies that a real, living finger is present.
Based on the provided information, fingerprint locks fall under the category of security devices utilizing biometric identification.
- 8531.10.00: This HS code covers card readers. While not explicitly mentioning fingerprint locks, card readers can incorporate biometric features like fingerprint scanning for access control. This heading includes machines for processing data, specifically those for transactions.
- 8537.10.00: This code encompasses telecommunication apparatus for line telephony. Some advanced fingerprint locks with remote access or notification capabilities might fall under this category, as they transmit data over telephone lines.
- 8539.23.00: This HS code covers other electrical connectors. Fingerprint locks often utilize various electrical connectors for power and data transmission, making this a potential classification.
- 9033.01.00: This code covers detecting or measuring apparatus, specifically those for security. Fingerprint locks, functioning as security devices, are directly covered by this heading. This includes devices for detecting intrusion or for security checks.
Regarding HS code 9033.01.00, it is important to note that this covers a broad range of security devices. When declaring fingerprint locks, providing detailed specifications regarding their function (e.g., access control, intrusion detection) is crucial for accurate classification.