| HS Code | Official Doc | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Effective Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8539510000 | Doc | 55.0% | CN | US | 2025-05-12 |
| 8539100010 | Doc | 57.0% | CN | US | 2025-05-12 |
| 9405418200 | Doc | 55.0% | CN | US | 2025-05-12 |
| 9405428200 | Doc | 55.0% | CN | US | 2025-05-12 |
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when an electric current passes through it. LEDs are characterized by their small size, low power consumption, long lifespan, and robustness.
Material
LEDs are composed of semiconductor materials, most commonly alloys of gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium phosphide (GaP), gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP), and indium gallium nitride (InGaN). The specific alloy determines the color of light emitted. The semiconductor material is doped to create p-n junctions, which are crucial for the light emission process. The substrate material, upon which the semiconductor layers are grown, can include silicon carbide, sapphire, or silicon, among others.
Purpose
The primary purpose of an LED is to provide illumination and/or visual indication. They have largely replaced incandescent and fluorescent lighting due to their efficiency and longevity. Beyond illumination, LEDs are used for signaling, displays, and communication.
Function
The function of an LED relies on the process of electroluminescence. When a voltage is applied across the p-n junction, electrons recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons (light). The wavelength (and thus color) of the emitted light is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor material. LEDs are current-dependent devices; controlling the current flow controls the brightness of the light. They are generally forward-biased devices, meaning they only allow current to flow in one direction.
Usage Scenarios
LEDs are found in a vast range of applications, including:
- Lighting: General illumination (homes, offices, streets), automotive lighting (headlights, taillights), flashlights, and specialized lighting (grow lights).
- Displays: Television screens, computer monitors, smartphone screens, digital signage, and indicator lights.
- Signaling: Traffic lights, brake lights, turn signals, and remote control indicators.
- Communication: Fiber optic communication, infrared remote controls, and optical data transmission.
- Medical: Phototherapy, surgical lighting, and diagnostic equipment.
- Automotive: Interior and exterior lighting, dashboard indicators, and adaptive headlights.
Common Types
LEDs are categorized based on various characteristics:
- Standard LEDs: Traditional through-hole LEDs, often used for indicator lights.
- Surface Mount LEDs (SMD LEDs): Smaller, more versatile LEDs used in a wide range of applications, including displays and lighting. Common packages include 2835, 3528, and 5050.
- High-Power LEDs: Designed for high-brightness applications, often used in spotlights and automotive lighting.
- COB LEDs (Chip-on-Board): Multiple LED chips packaged together for high light output.
- RGB LEDs: Contain red, green, and blue LEDs, allowing for a wide range of colors to be produced.
- Infrared LEDs: Emit infrared light, used in remote controls and other applications.
- UV LEDs: Emit ultraviolet light, used in sterilization and curing applications.
- Organic LEDs (OLEDs): Use organic compounds to emit light, offering flexible displays and high contrast ratios.
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) fall under several classifications depending on their specific application and form. Here's a breakdown of relevant HS codes based on the provided information:
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8539.51.00: This HS code covers electrical filament or discharge lamps, including sealed beam lamp units and ultraviolet or infrared lamps; arc lamps; light-emitting diode (LED) light sources; parts thereof: Light-emitting diode (LED) light sources. This is a broad category for LEDs themselves. The basic tariff is 0.0%, with an additional tariff of 25.0%, increasing to 30% after April 2, 2025, resulting in a total tariff of 55.0%.
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8539.10.00.10: This HS code specifically covers electrical filament or discharge lamps, including sealed beam lamp units and ultraviolet or infrared lamps; arc lamps; light-emitting diode (LED) light sources; parts thereof: Sealed beam lamp units Under
15.24 cm: For vehicles of subheading 8701.21, 8701.22, 8701.23, 8701.24 or 8701.29 or heading 8702, 8703, 8704, 8705 or 8711. This applies to sealed beam lamp units used in vehicles. The basic tariff is 2.0%, with an additional tariff of 25.0%, increasing to 30% after April 2, 2025, resulting in a total tariff of 57.0%. -
9405.41.82.00: This HS code covers luminaires and lighting fittings including searchlights and spotlights and parts thereof, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated signs, illuminated nameplates and the like, having a permanently fixed light source, and parts thereof not elsewhere specified or included: Other electric luminaires and lighting fittings: Photovoltaic, designed for use solely with light-emitting diode (LED) light sources: Other: Light-emitting diode (LED) backlights modules, the foregoing which are lighting sources that consist of one or more LEDs and one or more connectors and are mounted on a printed circuit or other similar substrate, and other passive components, whether or not combined with optical components or protective diodes, and used as backlights illumination for liquid crystal displays(LCDs). This applies to LED backlight modules used in LCDs. The basic tariff is 0.0%, with an additional tariff of 25.0%, increasing to 30% after April 2, 2025, resulting in a total tariff of 55.0%.
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9405.42.82.00: This HS code covers luminaires and lighting fittings including searchlights and spotlights and parts thereof, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated signs, illuminated nameplates and the like, having a permanently fixed light source, and parts thereof not elsewhere specified or included: Other electric luminaires and lighting fittings: Other, designed for use solely with light-emitting diode (LED) light sources: Other: Light-emitting diode (LED) backlights modules, the foregoing which are lighting sources that consist of one or more LEDs and one or more connectors and are mounted on a printed circuit or other similar substrate, and other passive components, whether or not combined with optical components or protective diodes, and used as backlights illumination for liquid crystal displays(LCDs). This also applies to LED backlight modules used in LCDs. The basic tariff is 0.0%, with an additional tariff of 25.0%, increasing to 30% after April 2, 2025, resulting in a total tariff of 55.0%.
Chapter Breakdown:
- 85: Electrical machinery and equipment.
- 94: Furniture; bedding, mattresses, support, stuffing and similar furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated signs, illuminated nameplates and the like; prefabricated buildings.
Important Note: For HS codes 9405.41.82.00 and 9405.42.82.00, the description specifically refers to LED backlight modules used for liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Ensure the goods match this precise description for accurate classification.