Find HS Code and trade information for manual grinding machine

Manual Grinding Machine

A manual grinding machine is a powered grinding machine operated by human force, typically via a hand crank. These machines utilize abrasive wheels to remove material from workpieces through friction. They are distinguished from automated or electric grinding machines by their reliance on manual power input.

Material

The core components of a manual grinding machine are constructed from:

• Cast Iron: Commonly used for the base, column, and wheel head due to its rigidity and vibration damping properties.
• Steel: Used for shafts, gears, handles, and other moving parts requiring strength and durability.
• Abrasive Materials: Grinding wheels are composed of abrasive grains bonded together. Common abrasives include:
  • Aluminum Oxide: Suitable for grinding ferrous metals like steel and cast iron.
  • Silicon Carbide: Used for grinding non-ferrous metals, wood, and other materials.
  • Diamond: Employed for grinding extremely hard materials like ceramics and carbides.
• Cast Aluminum/Steel: Used for handles and cranks.

Purpose

The primary purpose of a manual grinding machine is material removal and precision shaping. Specific applications include:

• Sharpening: Restoring the cutting edge of tools like knives, chisels, and drill bits.
• Deburring: Removing sharp edges or burrs from metal parts.
• Surface Finishing: Achieving a smooth or specific surface texture.
• Form Grinding: Creating complex shapes or contours.
• Tool Making: Fabricating custom tools and dies.

Function

Manual grinding machines function through the following principles:

1. Rotation: A hand crank rotates a grinding wheel at high speed.
2. Abrasive Action: The abrasive grains on the wheel's surface remove material through micro-chipping and shearing.
3. Workpiece Feed: The operator controls the rate and direction at which the workpiece is fed into the grinding wheel.
4. Coolant (Optional): Coolants like oil or water are sometimes used to reduce heat generation and flush away debris.
5. Precision Control: The operator manually adjusts the workpiece position and feed rate to achieve the desired shape and dimensions.

Usage Scenarios

Manual grinding machines are commonly used in:

• Small Workshops: Ideal for low-volume production and custom work.
• Tool Rooms: Essential for tool maintenance and fabrication.
• Metalworking: Used for a variety of metal shaping and finishing tasks.
• Woodworking: Sharpening tools and shaping wood components.
• Restoration: Used for restoring antique tools and equipment.
• Educational Settings: Used to teach basic machining principles.

Common Types

• Bench Grinder: A stationary machine mounted on a workbench, typically with two wheels for different grinding operations.
• Pedestal Grinder: A larger, floor-mounted machine offering greater stability and power.
• Swing Grinder: Allows for grinding on both the inside and outside of workpieces.
• Surface Grinder: Designed for grinding flat surfaces with high precision.
• Angle Grinder (Handheld): While often powered electrically, manual versions exist for portable grinding and cutting.
• Knife Grinder: Specialized for sharpening knives and other blades.
• Slow Speed Grinder: Used for applications requiring precise material removal and minimal heat generation.

The declared goods, “manual grinding machine,” refer to machines used for deburring, sharpening, grinding, honing, lapping, polishing, or otherwise finishing metal or cermets by means of grinding stones, abrasives, or polishing products. These machines are operated manually, typically for tool or cutter grinding, or for general finishing applications.

The following HS codes are relevant based on the provided reference material:

• 8460390010: Machine tools for deburring, sharpening, grinding, honing, lapping, polishing or otherwise finishing metal or cermets by means of grinding stones, abrasives or polishing products, other than gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines of heading 8461: Sharpening (tool or cutter grinding) machines: Other Used or rebuilt.
  • 84: Chapter – Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof.
  • 60: Heading – Machine tools for working metal.
  • 39: Subheading – Other machine tools for working metal. This specifically covers sharpening (tool or cutter grinding) machines that are used or rebuilt.
• 8460390050: Machine tools for deburring, sharpening, grinding, honing, lapping, polishing or otherwise finishing metal or cermets by means of grinding stones, abrasives or polishing products, other than gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines of heading 8461: Sharpening (tool or cutter grinding) machines: Other Other.
  • 84: Chapter – Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof.
  • 60: Heading – Machine tools for working metal.
  • 39: Subheading – Other machine tools for working metal. This covers sharpening (tool or cutter grinding) machines that are new or not specifically rebuilt.
• 6804300000: Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like, without frameworks, for grinding, sharpening, polishing, trueing or cutting, hand sharpening or polishing stones, and parts thereof, of natural stone, of agglomerated natural or artificial abrasives, or of ceramics, with or without parts of other materials: Hand sharpening or polishing stones.
  • 68: Chapter – Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or other mineral products.
  • 04: Heading – Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like.
  • 30: Subheading – Hand sharpening or polishing stones. This code applies if the machine consists primarily of hand-operated stones or wheels.

Regarding HS code 8460390010 and 8460390050, the total tax rate is 59.4%, comprising a basic tariff of 4.4%, an additional tariff of 25.0%, and a further additional tariff of 30% effective after April 2, 2025.

Regarding HS code 6804300000, the total tax rate is 55.0%, comprising an additional tariff of 25.0%, and a further additional tariff of 30% effective after April 2, 2025.