Find HS Code and trade information for turbocharger

Turbocharger

A turbocharger is a forced induction device used to increase the efficiency and power output of internal combustion engines. It consists of a turbine and a compressor connected by a shaft.

Material:

• Turbine Wheel & Housing: Typically constructed from high-temperature alloys like Inconel (a nickel-chromium superalloy) to withstand extreme heat and stress. Stainless steel is also common for lower-performance applications.
• Compressor Wheel & Housing: Often made from aluminum alloys for lightweight and strength.
• Shaft: Usually made from high-strength steel alloys, capable of withstanding high rotational speeds and loads.
• Bearings: Utilize various bearing types, including journal bearings (hydrodynamic lubrication) and ball bearings (rolling element) for smooth and reliable rotation.
• Wastegate: Constructed from stainless steel, designed to regulate boost pressure.
• Intercooler: Commonly aluminum, used to cool the compressed air.

Purpose:

The primary purpose of a turbocharger is to increase the amount of air entering the engine cylinders. More air allows for more fuel to be burned, resulting in greater power output. This is achieved without increasing engine displacement.

Function:

The turbocharger functions by utilizing the exhaust gases expelled from the engine. These gases spin the turbine wheel. The turbine is connected to the compressor wheel via a shaft. As the turbine spins, the compressor wheel also spins, drawing in ambient air, compressing it, and forcing it into the engine intake manifold. This compressed air is denser, meaning more oxygen is present for combustion.

Usage Scenarios:

• Automotive: Widely used in gasoline and diesel engines to improve fuel efficiency and increase horsepower. Common in passenger cars, trucks, and performance vehicles.
• Aviation: Employed in piston engines and turboprop engines to enhance power at higher altitudes where air density is lower.
• Marine: Utilized in diesel engines for ships and boats to provide increased power and efficiency.
• Industrial: Found in large diesel generators and other industrial applications requiring high power output.

Common Types:

• Single Turbocharger: The most common configuration, utilizing a single turbocharger to compress intake air.
• Twin-Turbocharger: Employs two turbochargers, often in parallel (both serving the same bank of cylinders) or sequentially (one small turbo for low-end response, one larger turbo for high-end power).
• Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT): Also known as Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT). Features adjustable vanes that control the exhaust flow to the turbine, optimizing performance across a wider RPM range.
• Electric Turbocharger (E-Turbo): Uses an electric motor to assist or replace the exhaust-driven turbine, reducing turbo lag and improving responsiveness.
• Ball Bearing Turbocharger: Uses ball bearings to reduce friction and improve spool-up time.
• Ceramic Turbocharger: Utilizes ceramic components to reduce weight and improve heat resistance.

Based on the provided information, turbochargers fall under the category of parts for turbojets, turbopropellers, and other gas turbines. Here's a breakdown of relevant HS codes:

• 8411919081: This HS code covers parts of turbojets or turbopropellers, specifically steel forgings for aircraft turbines. This could apply if the turbocharger components are manufactured as steel forgings. Chapter 84 relates to nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof. Heading 8411 specifically covers turbojets, turbopropellers and other gas turbines. Subheading 8411919081 further specifies parts of turbojets or turbopropellers, steel forgings. The current tax rate is 55.0%, comprised of a 0.0% base tariff and a 25.0% additional tariff, increasing to 30.0% after April 2, 2025.
• 8411919085: This HS code also covers parts of turbojets or turbopropellers, but for "Other" parts of aircraft turbines. If the turbocharger components do not fall under the steel forging specification of 8411919081, this code may be applicable. Chapter 84 relates to nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof. Heading 8411 specifically covers turbojets, turbopropellers and other gas turbines. Subheading 8411919085 further specifies parts of turbojets or turbopropellers, other parts. The current tax rate is 55.0%, comprised of a 0.0% base tariff and a 25.0% additional tariff, increasing to 30.0% after April 2, 2025.

According to the provided reference material, the HS code options related to 'turbocharger' are limited, with only the following 2 found.