Find HS Code and trade information for twisted lumbar disc

Twisted Lumbar Disc

A twisted lumbar disc, often referred to as a lumbar disc displacement or herniated disc, involves abnormal positioning or damage to one or more of the intervertebral discs in the lumbar spine (lower back). These discs act as cushions between the vertebrae, facilitating movement and absorbing shock. A twist can cause the disc to bulge, rupture, or shift out of its normal alignment.

Material Composition:

Intervertebral discs are primarily composed of two main components:

• Nucleus Pulposus: The gel-like center of the disc, rich in water, collagen, and proteoglycans. This provides cushioning and flexibility.
• Annulus Fibrosus: The tough, outer layer of the disc, made up of concentric layers of cartilage. It encases the nucleus pulposus and provides stability.

Purpose & Function:

• Shock Absorption: Discs act as natural shock absorbers, reducing the impact of daily activities like walking, running, and lifting.
• Spinal Stability: They contribute to the overall stability of the spine, allowing for a range of motion while preventing excessive movement.
• Space Maintenance: Discs maintain the proper spacing between vertebrae, which is crucial for nerve root function.

Mechanism of Injury/Causes:

A twist can occur due to:

• Acute Injury: Sudden forceful twisting motions, often while lifting heavy objects, bending, or during sports activities.
• Degenerative Disc Disease: Gradual wear and tear of the discs over time, making them more susceptible to injury.
• Repetitive Strain: Repeated twisting or bending movements over a prolonged period.
• Age: Discs lose water content and elasticity with age, increasing the risk of injury.
• Poor Posture/Body Mechanics: Incorrect lifting techniques or prolonged poor posture can contribute to disc damage.

Symptoms:

Symptoms vary depending on the severity and location of the twist. Common symptoms include:

• Lower Back Pain: Often the primary symptom, ranging from mild to severe.
• Radicular Pain (Sciatica): Pain radiating down one or both legs due to nerve compression.
• Numbness or Tingling: May occur in the buttocks, legs, or feet.
• Muscle Weakness: Can affect leg or foot muscles.
• Limited Range of Motion: Difficulty bending, twisting, or lifting.
• In severe cases: Bowel or bladder dysfunction (requires immediate medical attention).

Common Types/Classifications (based on disc appearance):

• Bulging Disc: The disc extends beyond its normal boundaries, but the outer layer (annulus fibrosus) remains intact.
• Herniated Disc (Slipped Disc): The nucleus pulposus breaks through the annulus fibrosus, potentially compressing nearby nerves.
• Extruded Disc: The nucleus pulposus protrudes significantly from the annulus fibrosus.
• Sequestrated Disc: A fragment of the nucleus pulposus separates from the main disc and compresses a nerve root.

Usage Scenarios/Treatment:

Treatment options vary based on the severity of symptoms:

• Conservative Treatment (most common):
  • Rest: Short-term rest to allow inflammation to subside.
  • Pain Medication: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers.
  • Muscle Relaxants: To reduce muscle spasms.
  • Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen back and core muscles, improve posture, and increase flexibility.
  • Epidural Steroid Injections: To reduce inflammation and pain.
• Surgical Treatment (less common, reserved for severe cases):
  • Microdiscectomy: Removal of the herniated portion of the disc.
  • Laminectomy: Removal of a portion of the vertebral bone to relieve pressure on nerves.
  • Spinal Fusion: Joining two or more vertebrae together to stabilize the spine.

Based on the provided information, the following HS codes may be relevant to “twisted lumbar disc”:

• 9618000000: Tailors' dummies and other mannequins; automatons and other animated displays used for shopwindow dressing.

  • 96: Miscellaneous manufactured articles.
  • 18: Professional, scientific and measuring equipment; precision instruments and instruments; medical, surgical, dental, veterinary instruments and appliances.
  • 0000: This indicates a specific category within the broader heading, in this case, encompassing tailors' dummies and mannequins. While a twisted lumbar disc isn't a mannequin, this code could apply if the disc is used as a demonstrative model for medical training or display purposes.

• 3926902100: Other articles of plastics and articles of other materials of headings 3901 to 3914: Other: Ice bags; douche bags, enema bags, hot water bottles, and fittings therefor; invalid and similar nursing cushions; dress shields; pessaries; prophylactics; bulbs for syringes; syringes (other than hypodermic syringes) and fittings therefor, not in part of glass or metal.

  • 39: Plastics and articles thereof.
  • 26: Other articles of plastics and articles of other materials.
  • 90: Specific articles of plastics.
  • 2100: This code covers a range of medical and nursing articles made of plastics, including cushions. If the twisted lumbar disc is constructed from plastic and intended for use as a nursing or support cushion, this code may be applicable.

• 9619009000: Sanitary pads (towels) and tampons, diapers (napkins), diaper liners and similar articles, of any material: Other.

  • 96: Miscellaneous manufactured articles.
  • 19: Articles for personal hygiene.
  • 00: Specific articles for personal hygiene.
  • 9000: This code covers sanitary articles. If the twisted lumbar disc is designed for use as a support or absorbent article for personal hygiene, this code may be applicable.

According to the provided reference material, the HS code options related to 'twisted lumbar disc' are limited, with only the following 3 found.

Regarding HS code 3926902100, please note that the item must be classified as an "invalid and similar nursing cushion" to be applicable.