Borax
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🧪 Borax (Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate)
🌐 HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Entry Strategy
📌 I. Product Definition & Classification: What is "Borax" Really?
Borax, chemically known as Sodium Tetraborate, is a naturally occurring mineral and a major source of boron. In international trade, it is primarily categorized based on its purity, form (powder, crystal, fused), and industrial application. It is NOT classified as a simple chemical in Chapter 29, but rather under Chapter 28 (Inorganic Chemicals) or specific mineral categories depending on processing.
Key Distinctions in Trade: 1. Raw/Natural Borates: Mined directly or with minimal processing (e.g., Tincal, Kernite). 2. Refined Borax: Sodium tetraborate decahydrate ($Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O$), usually >99% purity, used in detergents, glass, ceramics. 3. Boric Acid vs. Borates: Boric Acid ($H_3BO_3$) is chemically distinct from Borax. Do not confuse HS 2810.00 with HS 2834.
⚠️ Critical Classification Point:
- If it is Sodium Tetraborate (refined borax) → HS 2834.21
- If it is Boric Acid → HS 2810.00
- If it is Natural Mineral Ore (unrefined) → HS 2513 (sometimes) or 2834.90 depending on state.
Most commercial "Borax" refers to refined Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate.
📦 II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Comparison)
| HS Code | Product Description | Applicable Scenario | Chemical Form |
|---|---|---|---|
2834.21.00.00 |
Sodium tetraborate (borax), whether or not chemically defined | Refined Borax, industrial grade, detergents, glass manufacturing | $Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O$ |
2834.29.00.00 |
Other borates and other perborates | Less common borates (e.g., Potassium tetraborate), non-decahydrate forms | Other Sodium/Potassium Borates |
2810.00.00.00 |
Oxides, peroxides, hydroxides, hydrates, of boron; boric acid | Boric Acid ($H_3BO_3$), not Borax. Often misclassified. | $H_3BO_3$ |
2513.19.00.00 |
Pumice stone; natural pumice; emery; natural corundum; natural garnet; other natural abrasives | Raw Mineral Borates (if unrefined and used as abrasive/mineral) | Natural Ore |
2834.90.00.00 |
Other salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids, whether or not with defined composition | Unspecified boron salts, mixtures not falling under 2834.21 | Mixed/Other Boron Salts |
🔍 Key Reminder:
- 90% of imports are classified under 2834.21.00.00.
- If you are importing Boric Acid for medical/cosmetic use, do NOT use 2834.21. Use 2810.00.
- If the product is a mixed detergent containing borax, the classification may shift to Chapter 34 (Soap/Detergents), but the component borax is 2834.21.
💰 III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Breakdown (Including Surtaxes, Policy Add-ons)
✅ Applicable Country: United States (US)
✅ Country of Origin: China (CN)
✅ Effective Date: From November 10, 2025 (including subsequent imports)
🎯 1. 2834.21.00.00 —— Sodium Tetraborate (Refined Borax)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 5.3% (ad valorem) |
| USITC Surcharge | +25% (Under USITC Footnote 9903.88.01 - Section 301) |
| IEEPA Surcharge | +10% (On China/HK products, effective Nov 10, 2025) |
| Total Tariff | 40.3% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 40.3% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No (deny_de_minimis) |
| Legal Authority Path | IEEPA:9903.01.25 → IEEPA:9903.01.24 → USITC:2834.21.00.00 → FOOTNOTE:9903.88.01 |
📌 Explanation:
- Base 5.3%: Standard MFN rate for borates.
- 25% Surcharge: Section 301 tariffs on specific Chinese chemical products.
- 10% IEEPA: Additional national security/trade war tariff.
- Total 40.3%: This is a high-cost import. The margin for chemical distributors is significantly compressed.
🎯 2. 2810.00.00.00 —— Boric Acid (If Misclassified as Borax)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 5.3% |
| USITC Surcharge | +25% |
| IEEPA Surcharge | +10% |
| Total Tariff | 40.3% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 40.3% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
📌 Note:
- Even if you correctly classify as Boric Acid, the tariff structure for China-origin chemicals is identical in this bracket.
- Risk: Misclassifying Borax as Boric Acid to avoid specific testing requirements is a violation. They have different MSDS, toxicity profiles, and industrial uses.
🎯 3. 2513.19.00.00 —— Natural Borate Minerals (Unrefined)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 2.5% - 5.0% (varies by specific mineral) |
| USITC Surcharge | Varies (Some natural minerals may be exempt from 301) |
| IEEPA Surcharge | +10% (if classified under IEEPA list) |
| Total Tariff | ~15% - 40% (Case-by-case) |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × Applicable Rate |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
📌 Note:
- Natural ores often face lower base tariffs but require Mineral Origin Declarations.
- If the ore is washed/crushed but not chemically refined, it might stay in Chapter 25. However, most commercial borax is refined.
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Real-World Pitfall Guide)
✅ 1. Required Documentation Checklist (No Exceptions)
| Document | Mandatory? | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ MSDS (Safety Data Sheet) | ✔️ Essential | Must specify "Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate", not just "Borax". Include UN Number (usually non-hazardous for transport, but check Section 15). |
| ✅ Product Specification Sheet | ✔️ Essential | Purity level (e.g., 99.5%), moisture content, particle size. |
| ✅ Certificate of Origin (CO) | ✔️ Essential | To prove origin (China vs. Turkey vs. Chile). Turkish borax may have different treatment. |
| ✅ Commercial Invoice | ✔️ Essential | Clearly state: "Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate, HS 2834.21.00". |
| ✅ Packing List | ✔️ Essential | Net/Gross weight, number of bags/drums. |
| ✅ FEMA/GRAS Certification | ✅ Optional | If used in food/cosmetics, provide safety certificates. |
✅ 2. Declaration Tips (Crucial Keywords)
🔥 Keyword Strategy:
- Correct: "Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate, Refined, Industrial Grade, HS 2834.21.00"
- Wrong: "Borax Powder", "Cleaning Agent", "Chemical Powder" (Too vague → Audit Risk)
- Wrong: "Boric Acid" (If it is actually Borax → Misclassification Fine)
| Scenario | Correct Declaration | Wrong Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Industrial Grade Borax | 2834.21.00.00 - Sodium Tetraborate |
Misdeclare as 3402 (Surfactants) → Penalty |
| Food Grade Borax | 2834.21.00.00 + FDA Docs |
Ship without FDA prior notice → Detention |
| Natural Ore | 2513.19.00.00 - Natural Borate Mineral |
Declare as refined chemical → Discrepancy |
| Mixed Detergent | 3401.11.00.00 (Soap/Detergent) |
Declare pure borax → Misses detergent classification |
✅ 3. Special Handling Scenarios
| Scenario | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Food/Cosmetic Use | Borax is not approved for direct food addition in the US. Ensure buyer has valid industrial use. Cosmetic use requires strict FDA compliance. |
| China vs. Turkey Origin | Turkish borax is world-famous. If origin is Turkey, check for GSP (Generalized System of Preferences) benefits, though often suspended for chemicals. |
| Humidity/Solidification | Borax cakes in humid conditions. Ensure packaging is hermetically sealed. Customs may inspect for "damaged goods" if bags are fused. |
| Anti-Dumping Duties (ADD) | Check for specific country ADD. While US borax ADD is not as prominent as steel/aluminum, always verify current CBP memos. |
🌍 V. Global Market Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Tariff Rate (China Origin) | Certification Required | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA | 2834.21.00.00 |
40.3% | FDA (if food/cosmo), MSDS | High tariff due to 301 + IEEPA |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 2834.21.00.00 |
0% - 2.5% | REACH Registration (ECHA) | EU requires REACH registration for borates |
| 🇨🇳 China | 2834.21.00.00 |
5.3% | CCC (if applicable) | Major exporter, low import tariff |
| 🇮🇳 India | 2834.21.00.00 |
0% - 5% | BIS Standard | Competitive market |
| 🇦🇺 Australia | 2834.21.00.00 |
5% | AICIS (Chemical Inventory) | Strict chemical regulation |
📌 Conclusion:
- USA: Highest cost due to tariffs. Profit margins are tight.
- EU: Highest regulatory barrier (REACH). Must ensure supplier is REACH-compliant.
- Other Markets: Generally lower barriers, but check local environmental laws.
📌 VI. Common Mistakes & Pitfall Guide (Blood & Tears)
❌ Mistake 1: Confusing Borax ($Na_2B_4O_7$) with Boric Acid ($H_3BO_3$)
👉 Consequence: HS Code error. Customs may detain shipment for "Inaccurate Declaration".
✅ Fix: Check chemical formula. Decahydrate = Borax. Anhydrous/Boric = 2810.
❌ Mistake 2: Ignoring REACH for EU Shipments
👉 Consequence: Shipment rejected at EU border. Supplier fined.
✅ Fix: Obtain REACH registration certificate from supplier before shipping.
❌ Mistake 3: Vague Description "Chemical Powder"
👉 Consequence: High risk of manual inspection, delays, and potential penalties.
✅ Fix: Use full chemical name: "Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate".
❌ Mistake 4: Assuming De Minimis applies
👉 Consequence: Packages held at border, duties calculated retroactively + storage fees.
✅ Fix: Borax is not de minimis eligible for China origin.
🎯 VII. Conclusion: Professional Clearance, Cost Control, Efficiency!
🎯 Remember the Mantra:
🔹 "HS 2834.21, Not 2810. Check Origin, Pay the 40%. REACH for EU, MSDS for US."
🔹 "Borax is a Chemical, Not a Cosmetic. Keep FDA Out Unless Approved."
📌 Pro Tip:
If you are sourcing from Turkey or Chile, investigate if they have a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US (currently limited for chemicals) or favorable tariffs.
For China, calculate the 40.3% tariff into your FOB price immediately. Do not underestimate the landed cost.
📣 Immediate Action:
📞 Confirm HS Code with Supplier: "Is this Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate?"
📄 Request MSDS + REACH Certificate (if EU)
🚀 Clear customs smoothly, avoid 40%+ surprise costs!
✨ Professional Customs Clearance Starts with Precise Classification!
💼 Every percentage point of tariff matters in the chemical trade!
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关于 HS 编码归类
协调制度（HS）是由世界海关组织（WCO）制定的国际贸易商品分类标准。全球 200 多个国家采用 HS 系统作为海关关税、贸易统计和进出口监管的基础。
每个 HS 编码遵循以下层级结构：
- 章（2 位）——商品大类（例如：第 84 章：机器和机械设备）
- 品目（4 位）——章内的更具体分类
- 子目（6 位）——国际通用细分，所有 WCO 成员国统一使用
- 本国细分（8-10 位）——各国自行扩展的细分编码，如美国 HTSUS 10 位编码
正确的 HS 编码归类对于顺利通关、准确缴纳关税和遵守贸易法规至关重要。错误归类可能导致海关延误、多缴关税或罚款。
从CN进口到US时，适用的关税税率可能包括：
- 最惠国（MFN）税率——适用于 WTO 成员国的标准关税税率
- 普通税率——适用于无贸易协定国家
- 贸易救济关税——附加关税，如 301 条款（反倾销）、232 条款（国家安全）或反补贴税
本页内容仅供参考。如需正式归类，请咨询当地海关或持牌报关代理。