碳刷
CN → US| HS编码 | 关税税率 | 原产国 | 目的国 | 文档 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6815190000 | 35.0% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 8545200000 | 35.0% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 3801105010 | 35.0% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 8545192000 | 35.0% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
商品图片
AI分析
⚡️ Carbon Brushes: The Complete Classification & Customs Clearance Guide (2026)
🌐 HS Code Reference & Clearance Strategy | Full Tax Breakdown | Professional Duty Optimization
📌 Product Overview: What Exactly is a "Carbon Brush"?
Carbon brushes are essential electrical components used in electric motors and generators to conduct current between stationary wires and rotating parts.
In international trade, they are primarily classified under two major categories:
1. Graphite/Carbon Products (Chapter 68 & 38): Focus on the material composition (graphite/carbon).
2. Electrical Parts (Chapter 85): Focus on the function (current transmission in motors/generators).
⚠️ Critical Classification Distinction:
- If classified by material (graphite products) → 6815 or 3801
- If classified by function (electrical brushes) → 8545
- Mistake Alert: Misclassifying functional brushes as raw graphite can lead to 0% base duty + 35% total vs. 3.7% base + 38.7% total. Precision is key!
📦 II. Detailed HS Code Analysis (2026 Latest Tariff Schedule)
| HS Code | Product Description | Classification Logic | Total Tax Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6815.19.00.00 | Artificial Graphite Carbon Brushes | Category: Graphite/Carbon Products (Non-metallic mineral articles) Logic: Defined by material "Graphite" and form "Brush". |
35.0% |
| 8545.20.00.00 | Artificial Graphite Carbon Brushes | Category: Electrical Parts (Carbon brushes for motors) Logic: Defined by function "Electric Brush" (Class 8545). |
35.0% |
| 3801.10.10.00 | Artificial Graphite Carbon Brushes | Category: Graphite Products (Manufactured) Logic: Defined by material "Artificial Graphite" as a processed graphite product. |
38.7% |
| 3801.10.50.10 | Artificial Graphite Carbon Brushes | Category: Surface Modified Graphite Products Logic: Fits "Surface Modified Spherical Graphite" sub-category (Processing nuance). |
35.0% |
| 8545.19.20.00 | Artificial Graphite Carbon Brushes | Category: Carbon Electrodes (Electrolytic) Logic: Defined as "Other carbon electrodes for electrolytic purposes" containing Carbon/Gra. |
35.0% |
🔍 Key Insight:
- Most Common Codes:6815.19.00.00and8545.20.00.00are the standard choices for general carbon brushes.
- The "Trap" Code:3801.10.10.00has a 38.7% total tax rate (3.7% Base Duty) vs. 35.0% for others. Avoid this unless the product is strictly defined as raw processed graphite without specific electrical function proof.
- Base Duty Variance: All codes except3801.10.10.00have 0.0% Base Duty, making them more attractive for cost optimization.
💰 III. 2026 Tariff Rate Deep Dive (Including Surtaxes & Policy Add-ons)
✅ Applicable Country: United States (US)
✅ Country of Origin: China (CN)
✅ Effective Date: Current (Includes Section 301 & IEEPA provisions)
🎯 The "35.0%" Total Tax Breakdown (For 6815, 8545.20, 3801.10.50, 8545.19)
| Component | Rate | Legal Basis | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base Duty | 0.0% | Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTSUS) | Most carbon/brush items are duty-free at the base level. |
| Section 301 (Added Tariff) | +25.0% | 122 Clause / USITC | Additional tariff on Chinese "Electrical Parts" and "Graphite Products". |
| IEEPA Clause 122 | +10.0% | International Emergency Economic Powers Act | Specific surcharge targeting China-origin graphite/electrical goods. |
| TOTAL EFFECTIVE RATE | 35.0% | Sum of above | High Cost Alert: You cannot avoid the 35% surcharge. |
📌 Why is it 35%?
- It is NOT a simple tariff. It is a combination of 0% Base + 25% Section 301 + 10% IEEPA.
- Even though the base duty is free, the political surtaxes make the effective cost very high.
- No De Minimis Exemption: These items generally cannot enter under $800 duty-free; they require formal commercial entry.
🎯 The "38.7%" Total Tax Breakdown (For 3801.10.10.00)
| Component | Rate | Legal Basis | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base Duty | 3.7% | HTSUS (Processed Graphite) | Some processed graphite items attract a small base duty. |
| Section 301 (Added Tariff) | +25.0% | 122 Clause | Same surtax applies. |
| IEEPA Clause 122 | +10.0% | IEEPA | Same surtax applies. |
| TOTAL EFFECTIVE RATE | 38.7% | Sum of above | Most Expensive Option: Avoid this code if possible. |
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Avoiding the Pitfalls)
✅ 1. Essential Documentation Checklist
| Document | Requirement | Critical Note |
|---|---|---|
| Product Spec Sheet | ✔️ Mandatory | Must clearly state: "Material: Artificial Graphite", "Form: Brush", "Application: Motor/Generator". |
| Technical Drawing | ✔️ Mandatory | Show the shape and connection points. Crucial for proving it is an "Electrical Part" (8545) vs. raw "Graphite" (6815/3801). |
| Commercial Invoice | ✔️ Mandatory | DO NOT use generic terms like "Graphite Powder". Use "Carbon Brush for Motor". |
| Certificate of Origin | ✔️ Mandatory | Must explicitly state China. Any ambiguity triggers audits. |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | ✔️ Recommended | Confirms chemical composition (Graphite vs. Metal mix). |
✅ 2. Strategic Declaration Tips (The "Golden Rules")
🔥 Rule: "Function First, Material Second"
- Best Practice: Declare as Electrical Parts (8545) if the product is finished and ready for installation in a motor.
- Why?8545.20.00.00and8545.19.20.00have 0.0% Base Duty.
- Avoid:3801.10.10.00(3.7% Base Duty) unless the product is sold only as raw material to be manufactured further.🔥 Rule: "Avoid the 3.7% Trap"
- If you classify under3801.10.10.00, your tax jumps from 35.0% to 38.7%.
- Reason: The 3.7% base duty is added on top of the 35% surtaxes.
- Action: Ensure your HS Code is6815.19.00.00or8545.20.00.00for the lowest burden.
✅ 3. Common Mistakes & Consequences
| ❌ Mistake | ✅ Correct Action | Consequence of Error |
|---|---|---|
| Mislabeling as "Graphite Powder" | Declare as "Carbon Brush" | Risk of 122% tariff if deemed "raw material" for further processing? (High risk of audit). |
| Using "3801.10.10.00" blindly | Check if it's a finished brush | Pay 3.7% extra base duty unnecessarily (Total 38.7% vs 35.0%). |
| Splitting "Brush + Holder" | Declare as "Complete Assembly" (8545) | If split, the "Holder" might be taxed differently, leading to confusion and delays. |
| Ignoring IEEPA Clause | Check origin carefully | If origin is misreported (e.g., Vietnam), you face fraud penalties if traced to China. |
🌍 V. Global Market Comparison (US vs. Others)
| Market | Recommended HS Code | Base Duty | Surtax (China Origin) | Total Effective Tax |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA | 8545.20.00.00 |
0.0% | +35.0% (25+10) | 35.0% |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 8545.20.00.00 |
~0-2% | No Surtax | ~2-3% (Much Lower!) |
| 🇯🇵 Japan | 8545.20.00.00 |
0-3% | No Surtax | ~3% |
| 🇨🇳 China | 6815.19.00.00 |
~0-5% | No Surtax | ~5% |
📌 Conclusion:
- USA is the most expensive market due to the 35% surcharge.
- Strategy: If your target is the US, ensure your HS Code is 8545 (Electrical Part) to minimize base duty, but accept the 35% surcharge as unavoidable.
- Alternative: Consider Third-Country Manufacturing (e.g., Vietnam/Mexico) to avoid the IEEPA/301 surtaxes entirely (requires proof of origin).
📌 VI. Final Checklist for Importers
- Verify HS Code: Is it
8545.20.00.00? (Best for finished brushes). - Calculate Cost: CIF Value × 1.35 (for US).
- Check Exclusions: Are there any "Section 301 Exclusions" available? (Rare for carbon brushes).
- Prepare Docs: Spec sheet + Drawing + Invoice (No "raw material" terms).
- Consult Broker: Confirm
3801.10.10.00is NOT used unless necessary (saves 3.7% base duty).
🚀 Action Plan: Secure Your Clearance
🔹 "HS Code is King, but 8545 is Queen!"
🔹 "Don't pay the 3.7% base duty on3801if8545works!"
🔹 "The 35% Surtax is Real – Plan your cash flow accordingly!"
Need a pre-clearance ruling?
📞 Contact your customs broker immediately to request a Binding Ruling for 8545.20.00.00.
📧 Send product photos and technical specs to verify the "Electrical Function" classification.
✨ Precision Classification = Profit Protection!
💼 Don't let a wrong digit cost you thousands in duties!
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关于 HS 编码归类
协调制度（HS）是由世界海关组织（WCO）制定的国际贸易商品分类标准。全球 200 多个国家采用 HS 系统作为海关关税、贸易统计和进出口监管的基础。
每个 HS 编码遵循以下层级结构：
- 章（2 位）——商品大类（例如：第 84 章：机器和机械设备）
- 品目（4 位）——章内的更具体分类
- 子目（6 位）——国际通用细分，所有 WCO 成员国统一使用
- 本国细分（8-10 位）——各国自行扩展的细分编码，如美国 HTSUS 10 位编码
正确的 HS 编码归类对于顺利通关、准确缴纳关税和遵守贸易法规至关重要。错误归类可能导致海关延误、多缴关税或罚款。
从CN进口到US时，适用的关税税率可能包括：
- 最惠国（MFN）税率——适用于 WTO 成员国的标准关税税率
- 普通税率——适用于无贸易协定国家
- 贸易救济关税——附加关税，如 301 条款（反倾销）、232 条款（国家安全）或反补贴税
本页内容仅供参考。如需正式归类，请咨询当地海关或持牌报关代理。