Metal Lock
CN → US| HS编码 | 关税税率 | 原产国 | 目的国 | 文档 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8301106080 | 23.6% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 7616995170 | 37.5% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 8301105000 | 13.6% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
| 7616109090 | 91.0% | CN | US | 官方文档 |
商品图片
AI分析
🔐 Metal Locks (Hardware Security Systems)
🌐 HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2024 Tax Regime Analysis | Strategic Import Strategy for US Market 📌 I. Product Definition & Classification: Do You Know Your "Lock"?
"Metal Locks" are not a single product in international trade. Their classification depends strictly on material composition, structural form, and specific function. In the Harmonized System (HS), a simple "metal key" is treated differently from a "padlock," and an "aluminum alloy component" may fall under completely different chapters than a "steel security lock."
Misclassification here is fatal because Section 99 tariffs (US Trade War policies) can increase duties from 13.6% to over 90% based on subtle material or form differences.
⚠️ Critical Distinction Points: - Is it a functional lock or a generic metal part? - If it’s a complete locking mechanism (shackle + cylinder) → Chapter 83 (Metal Locks) - If it’s just a key blank or a generic aluminum fitting → Chapter 76 (Aluminum Articles) - Is the material Steel/Iron or Aluminum? - Steel/Iron locks usually enjoy lower base tariffs. - Aluminum parts often trigger higher "Section 122" or broader industrial tariffs.
📦 II. HS Code Classification Matrix (2024 Latest Data)
| HS Code | Product Description | Material | Form/Category | Total Tax Rate (China Origin) | Key Policy Drivers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8301.10.60.80 | Metal Padlocks (General/Bottoming) | Metal (Steel/Iron) | Padlock, General Purpose | 23.6% | Base: 6.1% + Sec 301: 7.5% + Sec 122: 10% |
| 7616.99.51.70 | Metal Locks/Parts (Aluminum Specific) | Aluminum | Other Aluminum Articles (Fallback) | 37.5% | Base: 2.5% + Sec 301: 25.0% + Sec 122: 10% |
| 8301.10.50.00 | Metal Padlocks (Specific Type) | Metal (Steel/Iron) | Padlock (Specific Sub-category) | 13.6% | Base: 3.6% + Sec 301: 0.0% + Sec 122: 10% |
| 7616.10.90.90 | Metal Keys (Small Parts) | Metal (Steel/Al/Cu) | Small Metal Pieces/Keys | 91.0% | Base: 6.0% + Sec 301: 25.0% + Sec 122: 10% + Steel/Al/Cu Penalty: 50% |
🔍 Analysis: - Code
8301.10.50.00is the "Sweet Spot": It has the lowest total tax (13.6%) because it has 0% Sec 301 tariff for this specific sub-category. - Code7616.10.90.90is a "Trap": If you ship keys or small metal fittings made of steel/aluminum/copper, you face a 91% total tariff due to the massive 50% Section 122 penalty on base metals. - Code7616.99.51.70is for Aluminum: If your lock body is primarily aluminum alloy and not classified as a standard lock, it falls here. The tax is high (37.5%) due to 25% Sec 301.
💰 III. Detailed Tax Breakdown & Legal Basis
✅ Applicable Region: United States (US) ✅ Origin: China (CN) ✅ Context: 2024/2025 Tariff Regime (Section 301 & 122)
🎯 1. 8301.10.60.80 — Metal Padlocks (General Fallback)
Best for: Standard, unbranded, or generic metal padlocks that don't fit the specific 8301.10.50.00 criteria.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Base Duty | 6.1% |
| Section 301 Duty | 7.5% |
| Section 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 23.6% |
| Calculation | CIF Value × 23.6% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No (Value > $800 threshold applies full tax) |
| Logic | This is the "bottoming" code for metal locks. It attracts both Sec 301 and Sec 122 tariffs. |
🎯 2. 7616.99.51.70 — Aluminum Metal Articles (Locks/Parts)
Best for: Locks or components made primarily of aluminum that are classified as "other articles" rather than specific hardware.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Base Duty | 2.5% |
| Section 301 Duty | 25.0% |
| Section 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 37.5% |
| Calculation | CIF Value × 37.5% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
| Logic | Aluminum is heavily scrutinized. The 25% Sec 301 tariff is punitive. |
🎯 3. 8301.10.50.00 — Metal Padlocks (Specific/Low-Tax)
Best for: Specific types of padlocks that qualify for the 0% Section 301 exemption or lower bracket. This is the optimal code for cost savings.**
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Base Duty | 3.6% |
| Section 301 Duty | 0.0% |
| Section 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 13.6% |
| Calculation | CIF Value × 13.6% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
| Logic | Why is Sec 301 zero? This sub-code often represents a specific type of hardware (e.g., simple cylinder locks or specific padlock types) that was carved out or has a lower risk profile in the trade war lists. |
🎯 4. 7616.10.90.90 — Metal Keys / Small Parts (HIGH RISK)
Best for: Keys, small metal pins, or generic small metal pieces.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Base Duty | 6.0% |
| Section 301 Duty | 25.0% |
| Section 122 Duty | 10% |
| Steel/Al/Cu Penalty | 50.0% |
| Total Effective Rate | 91.0% |
| Calculation | CIF Value × 91.0% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
| Logic | ⚠️ DANGER ZONE. This code triggers the maximum penalty for base metals (Steel, Aluminum, Copper). Do NOT ship keys or small metal fittings under this code unless you accept a 91% tax. |
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Strategy & Actionable Advice
✅ 1. Document Preparation (The "Golden File")
| Document | Requirement | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| Commercial Invoice | Must state "Metal Padlock" or "Metal Key" clearly. Avoid vague terms like "Hardware" or "Accessories." | Vague descriptions trigger customs audits and lead to higher-risk codes. |
| Material Composition | Specify: "Steel Body, Zinc Alloy Shackle" vs. "Aluminum Alloy Body." | Crucial for distinguishing 8301 (Steel) from 7616 (Aluminum). |
| Product Photos | Clear view of the shackle, keyhole, and any branding. | Helps customs verify it is a "lock" (Ch 83) and not a "decorative metal piece" (Ch 76). |
| Structure Diagram | Show that it is a functional locking device. | Prevents reclassification as "parts" (which may have different tax rates). |
✅ 2. Coding Strategy: How to Save Money
🔥 Strategy: Aim for
8301.10.50.00(13.6%)
- Verify Sub-Category: Check if your specific padlock type qualifies for
8301.10.50.00. This code saves you 10% in Sec 301 tariffs compared to8301.10.60.80. - Avoid Aluminum If Possible: If your lock is aluminum, you are stuck with 37.5%. Consider switching to steel/zinc alloy bodies to fall under Chapter 83, which may offer better classification options.
- NEVER Ship Keys as
7616.10.90.90: If you are importing keys, you will pay 91%.- Alternative: Check if keys can be classified under
8301.40(Locks, keys, etc. - though keys are often excluded, check specific HTS notes). - Reality Check: Keys are heavily taxed. If possible, bundle them with locks to justify a "lock set" classification, or absorb the cost.
- Alternative: Check if keys can be classified under
✅ 3. Common Pitfalls & Solutions
| Mistake | Consequence | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Calling a Padlock "Aluminum Hardware" | Reclassified to 7616.99.51.70 → 37.5% Tax |
Clearly label as "Metal Padlock" and use steel/zinc if possible. |
| Shipping Keys Individually | Reclassified to 7616.10.90.90 → 91% Tax |
Bundle keys with locks. Ensure the primary product is the Lock (Ch 83). |
| Using Generic "Lock" Description | Customs chooses the "fallback" code (8301.10.60.80) → 23.6% Tax |
Specify the exact type (e.g., "Disc Padlock," "Combination Padlock") to target 8301.10.50.00. |
🌍 V. Market Comparison & Tariff Summary
| Market | Recommended HS Code | Est. Total Tax (China Origin) | Key Risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA | 8301.10.50.00 |
13.6% | Low. Best for cost efficiency. |
| 🇺🇸 USA | 8301.10.60.80 |
23.6% | Medium. Standard padlocks. |
| 🇺🇸 USA | 7616.99.51.70 |
37.5% | High. Aluminum products. |
| 🇺🇸 USA | 7616.10.90.90 |
91.0% | Critical. Keys/Small Parts. |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 8301.10 |
~2.0% - 4.5% | Low. No US-style Section 301/122. |
| 🇨🇳 China | 8301.10 |
~6.0% | Low. Domestic import. |
📌 Conclusion: - The US market is the most expensive due to Section 301 and 122 tariffs. - Code
8301.10.50.00is the clear winner for padlocks (13.6%). - Code7616.10.90.90is a catastrophe for keys/small parts (91%).
🎯 VI. Final Recommendations
💡 For Importers:
- Audit Your SKU List: Separate "Padlocks" from "Keys" and "Aluminum Parts."
- Negotiate with Suppliers: Ask for HS Code verification for each SKU. Demand they confirm if it fits
8301.10.50.00. - Material Shift: If possible, use steel or zinc alloy instead of aluminum to avoid the
7616chapter entirely. - Avoid "Key-Only" Shipments: If you must import keys, consider if they can be marketed as "replacement keys for existing locks" (check specific exclusions) or bundle them in high-value lock sets to dilute the impact.
🚀 For Exporters:
📢 "Don't let a 91% tax kill your margin. Classify keys correctly, or don't ship them as standalone goods!"
✨ Professional Clearance, Start with Precision. 💼 Every percent of tariff saved is pure profit added.
📞 Contact your customs broker immediately to verify if your padlocks qualify for 8301.10.50.00 before your next shipment!
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关于 HS 编码归类
协调制度（HS）是由世界海关组织（WCO）制定的国际贸易商品分类标准。全球 200 多个国家采用 HS 系统作为海关关税、贸易统计和进出口监管的基础。
每个 HS 编码遵循以下层级结构：
- 章（2 位）——商品大类（例如：第 84 章：机器和机械设备）
- 品目（4 位）——章内的更具体分类
- 子目（6 位）——国际通用细分，所有 WCO 成员国统一使用
- 本国细分（8-10 位）——各国自行扩展的细分编码，如美国 HTSUS 10 位编码
正确的 HS 编码归类对于顺利通关、准确缴纳关税和遵守贸易法规至关重要。错误归类可能导致海关延误、多缴关税或罚款。
从CN进口到US时，适用的关税税率可能包括：
- 最惠国（MFN）税率——适用于 WTO 成员国的标准关税税率
- 普通税率——适用于无贸易协定国家
- 贸易救济关税——附加关税，如 301 条款（反倾销）、232 条款（国家安全）或反补贴税
本页内容仅供参考。如需正式归类，请咨询当地海关或持牌报关代理。