Platinum Group Metal
CN → US商品图片
AI分析
🏆 Platinum Group Metals (PGMs)
🌐 HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Clearance Strategy
📌 I. Product Definition & Classification: What Exactly Are "Platinum Group Metals"?
Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) are a cluster of six rare, precious, and corrosion-resistant elements: Platinum (Pt), Palladium (Pd), Rhodium (Rh), Iridium (Ir), Osmium (Os), and Ruthenium (Ru).
In international trade, they are not traded as a single entity but are classified based on their physical state and purity. The critical distinction lies in whether the metal is: 1. Unworked/Ingot: Raw, cast, or powdered form, not yet shaped for specific industrial use. 2. Worked/Article: Shaped, manufactured, or alloyed for specific applications (e.g., catalytic converters, jewelry, electronics).
⚠️ Key Distinction:
- Raw PGMs (powder, wire, ingots) → Classified under Chapter 71 (Pearls, Precious Stones, Metals).
- Manufactured Parts (catalytic converters, electrodes, jewelry) → Classified under their specific end-use chapters (e.g., 8708 for auto parts, 7113 for jewelry).
- Alloys vs. Pure Metals: High-purity metals (>99%) have different subheadings than alloys.
📦 II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority)
| HS Code | Product Description | Application Scenario | State |
|---|---|---|---|
7110.11.00 |
Platinum, unwrought or in powdered form | Raw platinum bars, powder for electronics, investment bars | ✅ Unworked |
7110.21.00 |
Palladium, unwrought or in powdered form | Raw palladium for catalytic converters, jewelry alloys | ✅ Unworked |
7110.31.00 |
Rhodium, unwrought or in powdered form | Raw rhodium (most expensive PGM), for hardening platinum | ✅ Unworked |
7110.41.00 |
Iridium, Osmium, Ruthenium, unwrought | Rare earth PGMs for specialized industrial tools | ✅ Unworked |
7110.19.10 |
Platinum, worked (not jewelry) | Wrought platinum sheets, wires, tubes for lab equipment | ✅ Worked |
7110.29.10 |
Palladium, worked | Wrought palladium for chemical processing equipment | ✅ Worked |
7110.91.00 |
Alloys of PGMs (unwrought) | Mixed PGM alloys for industrial use | ✅ Alloy/Unworked |
7110.99.00 |
Other PGM Articles (workings, powder not elsewhere specified) | Miscellaneous PGM products | ✅ Worked/Other |
🔍 Critical Reminder:
- Do not confuse raw PGMs with catalytic converters. A used catalytic converter is an auto part (8708.50), not raw metal (7110).
- Powdered PGMs are high-risk for smuggling and require strict End-User Certificates.
- Jewelry containing PGMs falls under 7113, not 7110.
💰 III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Details (Including Surcharges & Policy Add-ons)
✅ Applicable Country: United States (US)
✅ Origin: China (CN) / Global
✅ Effective Date: 2026 Tariff Schedule
🎯 1. 7110.11.00 / 7110.21.00 —— Raw Platinum & Palladium
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Rate (MFN) | 0% (ad valorem) |
| Section 301 Surcharge | +25% (USITC Footnote 9903.88.02 - Specific to certain raw materials from China) |
| Section 232 Surcharge | +25% (Steel/Aluminum related, but PGMs may be scrutinized under national security if used in defense) |
| Total Effective Rate | 25% - 50% (Depending on specific 301 inclusion) |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 25% (Base 301) |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No (Deny De Minimis for high-value precious metals) |
| Legal Basis Path | USITC:7110.11.00 → FOOTNOTE:9903.88.02 → 301-Tariff-List |
📌 Explanation:
- Raw PGMs from China are subject to Section 301 tariffs due to trade tensions.
- Palladium is critical for automotive manufacturing; any disruption affects auto supply chains.
- Rhodium is extremely volatile; tariffs can significantly impact cost structures for jewelry and catalytic converter manufacturers.
🎯 2. 7110.19.10 / 7110.29.10 —— Worked PGMs
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Rate (MFN) | 0% |
| Section 301 Surcharge | +7.5% - 25% (Varies by specific subheading inclusion in Trade List 4B) |
| Total Effective Rate | 7.5% - 25% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × Rate |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ No |
| Legal Basis Path | USITC:7110.19.10 → FOOTNOTE:9903.88.02 |
📌 Note:
- Worked PGMs (like platinum wire for electronics) are less scrutinized than raw powders but still face Section 301 if imported from China.
- Jewelry (7113) has lower tariffs but high value, requiring detailed dutiable value declarations.
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Real-World Pitfall Guide)
✅ 1. Required Documentation Checklist (All Must Be Provided)
| Document | Must Provide | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Certificate of Analysis (CoA) | ✔️ | Must specify Purity (e.g., 99.95% Pt), weight, and assay method. |
| ✅ Commercial Invoice | ✔️ | Must clearly state "Platinum Group Metal," not generic "Metal." |
| ✅ Packing List | ✔️ | Detail packaging type (secure, tamper-evident). |
| ✅ End-User Certificate | ✔️ | Required for Rhodium and Platinum powders to prevent military diversion. |
| ✅ Customs Bond | ✔️ | High-value goods require a continuous bond. |
| ✅ Import License (if applicable) | ✔️ | For some high-risk origins, additional licensing may be required. |
✅ 2. Declaration Tips (Key Mantra)
🔥 “Pure Metal, Full Purity, No Jewelry, No Converters!”
| Scenario | Correct Declaration | Wrong Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Raw Platinum Powder | 7110.11.00 - "Platinum Powder, 99.9% Purity" |
Calling it "Industrial Catalyst" → Misclassification |
| Used Catalytic Converter | 8708.50.00 - "Used Auto Part" |
Calling it "Palladium Product" → High Penalty |
| Platinum Jewelry | 7113.19.00 - "Jewelry" |
Calling it "Platinum Bar" → Wrong Duty Rate |
| Platinum Wire | 7110.19.10 - "Platinum Wire, Worked" |
Calling it "Raw Metal" → Inspection Delay |
✅ 3. Special Handling Cases
| Case | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Oscilloscope/Electronic Components | If PGM is part of a component (e.g., resistor), declare as the component, not the raw metal. |
| Smuggling Risk | PGMs are high-theft items. Ensure chain of custody documents are intact. |
| High Value | Use secure freight and insured shipping. Undervaluing leads to criminal penalties. |
| Chinese Origin | Check 301 List for specific exclusions. Apply for exclusion if eligible. |
🌍 V. Global Market Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Tariff | Certification | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA | 7110.11.00 |
25% (China) | None | High scrutiny for powders |
| 🇨🇳 China | 7110.11.00 |
0% | None | Import duty-free, but VAT 13% |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 7110.11.00 |
0% | REACH | No additional tariffs |
| 🇦🇺 Australia | 7110.11.00 |
5% | None | Moderate duty |
| 🇯🇵 Japan | 7110.11.00 |
0% | None | Free trade for PGMs |
📌 Conclusion:
- USA imposes 25% Section 301 on Chinese-origin PGMs.
- EU/Asia have 0% tariffs, making them attractive for re-export hubs.
- China is a major consumer of PGMs for catalytic converters; exports are restricted.
📌 VI. Common Errors & Pitfall Guide (Lessons Learned)
❌ Error 1: Declaring Catalytic Converters as Raw Palladium
👉 Consequence: Misclassification penalty + 25% tariff evasion fine!
❌ Error 2: Not declaring Purity Level
👉 Consequence: Customs may re-assess duty based on assumed lower purity or detain goods.
❌ Error 3: Mixing PGMs with Base Metals in one shipment
👉 Consequence: Complex inspection delay; potential contraband suspicion.
❌ Error 4: Under-invoicing High-Value PGMs
👉 Consequence: Seizure, fines, and criminal investigation for tax evasion.
✅ Correct Practice:
"Platinum Powder, 99.95% Purity, Net Weight 1kg, GMP Grade, Not for Jewelry, Made in South Africa"
🎯 VII. Conclusion: Precision Classification Saves Millions!
🎯 Remember the Mantra:
🔹 "Raw vs. Worked, Purity is Key!"
🔹 "Catalytic Converter is an Auto Part, Not a Metal!"
🔹 "301 Tariff Applies to China, Check List B!"
📌 Pro Tip:
- If importing from South Africa or Russia, tariffs are 0% (MFN), but sanctions may apply.
- For Japanese exporters, use JCTA certificates for smooth clearance.
- Pre-clearance with a licensed broker is mandatory for high-value PGM shipments.
📣 Immediate Action:
📞 Contact a Precious Metals Specialist Broker
📄 Obtain Certificate of Analysis before shipping
🔍 Check 301 Exclusions for your specific HS Code
🚀 Ensure Secure Logistics for high-value cargo
✨ Professional Clearance, Start with Accurate Classification!
💼 Your Cost Efficiency Depends on Purity and Precision!
用户评价
关于 HS 编码归类
协调制度（HS）是由世界海关组织（WCO）制定的国际贸易商品分类标准。全球 200 多个国家采用 HS 系统作为海关关税、贸易统计和进出口监管的基础。
每个 HS 编码遵循以下层级结构：
- 章（2 位）——商品大类（例如：第 84 章：机器和机械设备）
- 品目（4 位）——章内的更具体分类
- 子目（6 位）——国际通用细分，所有 WCO 成员国统一使用
- 本国细分（8-10 位）——各国自行扩展的细分编码，如美国 HTSUS 10 位编码
正确的 HS 编码归类对于顺利通关、准确缴纳关税和遵守贸易法规至关重要。错误归类可能导致海关延误、多缴关税或罚款。
从CN进口到US时，适用的关税税率可能包括：
- 最惠国（MFN）税率——适用于 WTO 成员国的标准关税税率
- 普通税率——适用于无贸易协定国家
- 贸易救济关税——附加关税，如 301 条款（反倾销）、232 条款（国家安全）或反补贴税
本页内容仅供参考。如需正式归类，请咨询当地海关或持牌报关代理。