apple cider vinegar
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🍎 Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV)
🌐 HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Clearance Strategy
📌 I. Product Definition & Classification: Do You Really Understand "Apple Cider Vinegar"?
Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) is a liquid condiment produced by fermenting apple juice into alcohol and then into acetic acid. In international trade, it is primarily classified based on its state (liquid vs. powder/concentrate) and processing level.
Core Distinction:
- Liquid ACV: The most common form, containing water, acetic acid, and trace components. Usually classified under Chapter 22 (Beverages/Spirits/Vinegar).
- Powdered/Granulated ACV: Often a mixture of ACV powder with carrier agents (like maltodextrin) or other ingredients. May fall under Chapter 21 (Miscellaneous Food Preparations) or Chapter 11 (Flour/Starch), depending on composition.
- Concentrates/Dried: Classified under Chapter 20 (Preparations of Vegetables/Fruits) if derived directly, or Chapter 21 if blended.
⚠️ Key Identification Point:
- If it is a liquid intended for culinary or beverage use → Chapter 22
- If it is a solid/powder for dietary supplement use → Chapter 21 or Chapter 29 (if pure chemical)
- If it is organic/certified, declaration must match customs requirements (may affect duty rates in certain countries).
📦 II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Comparison)
| HS Code | Product Description | Application Scenario | State |
|---|---|---|---|
2209.00.10.00 |
Apple Cider Vinegar, undiluted, liquid | Raw vinegar for industrial or culinary use | Liquid |
2209.00.90.00 |
Other vinegar and substitutes for vinegar | Blended vinegars, flavored vinegars, non-apple vinegars | Liquid |
2106.90.98.00 |
Food preparations, n.e.c. (e.g., ACV supplements) | Dietary supplements, ACV powder mixed with carriers | Solid/Powder |
1106.20.00.00 |
Sifted flour, meal and powder of dried leguminous vegetables | Note: Sometimes misclassified if ACV powder is mislabeled | Solid |
2915.22.00.00 |
Acetic acid, glacial or solutions of >10% acetic acid | Pure chemical acetic acid (not food-grade ACV) | Liquid (Chemical) |
2009.89.00.00 |
Fruit juices, not fermented, other | Apple juice (pre-fermentation) | Liquid |
🔍 Critical Reminder:
- Liquid ACV must be classified under 2209; do not misdeclare as "food preparation" (2106) unless it is a blended supplement.
- ACV Powder is often a blend; if >50% carrier (e.g., maltodextrin), it falls under 2106.90.98.00.
- Pure Acetic Acid (industrial grade) is 2915.22.00.00, which has different tariffs and safety regulations.
- Misclassification Risk: Declaring ACV powder as "vinegar" (2209) will lead to rejection or penalty.
💰 III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Details (Including Surtaxes & Policy Add-ons)
✅ Applicable Country: United States (US)
✅ Country of Origin: China (CN)
✅ Effective Date: From November 10, 2025 (including subsequent imports)
🎯 1. 2209.00.10.00 – Apple Cider Vinegar (Liquid)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Rate | 2.5% (ad valorem) |
| USITC Surtax | +7.5% (under USITC Footnote 9903.88.01 for certain agricultural products) |
| IEEPA Surtax | +10% (for products originating from China/HK, from Nov 10, 2025) |
| Total Tariff | 20% |
| Calculation | CIF Value × 20% |
| De Minimis Exemption | ❌ Not Available (deny_de_minimis) |
| Legal Basis Path | IEEPA:9903.01.25 → IEEPA:9903.01.24 → USITC:2209.00.10.00 → FOOTNOTE:9903.88.01 |
📌 Explanation:
- The 7.5% USITC surtax is applied to certain agricultural/food products under Section 301.
- The 10% IEEPA surtax is the standard additional tariff on Chinese-origin goods.
- Total 20% is considered high for a food product; pre-calculation is essential.
🎯 2. 2209.00.90.00 – Other Vinegar (Blended/Non-Apple)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Rate | 2.5% |
| USITC Surtax | +7.5% |
| IEEPA Surtax | +10% |
| Total Tariff | 20% |
| Calculation | CIF × 20% |
| De Minimis Exemption | ❌ Not Available |
| Legal Basis Path | Same as above |
📌 Note:
- If the product is labeled as "Apple Cider Vinegar" but contains additives (e.g., flavorings, sweeteners), it may still be classified under 2209.00.10.00 if ACV is the main component.
- If it is a blended vinegar (e.g., Apple Cider Vinegar + Balsamic), it may fall under 2209.00.90.00.
🎯 3. 2106.90.98.00 – ACV Powder/Dietary Supplement
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Rate | 0% |
| USITC Surtax | +7.5% (if classified under specific food prep list) |
| IEEPA Surtax | +10% |
| Total Tariff | 17.5% |
| Calculation | CIF × 17.5% |
| De Minimis Exemption | ❌ Not Available |
| Legal Basis Path | IEEPA:9903.01.24 → USITC:2106.90.98.00 |
📌 Note:
- ACV powder is often marketed as a dietary supplement.
- If declared as a "food supplement" (2106), it avoids the higher vinegar classification but still incurs surtaxes.
- Ensure FDA registration and DSHEA compliance for import into the US.
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Battle-Proven Pitfall Guide)
✅ 1. Document Checklist (None Can Be Missing)
| Document | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Product Specification Sheet | ✔️ | Ingredients, acetic acid content (%), volume/weight |
| ✅ Free Sale Certificate | ✔️ | Issued by origin country authority |
| ✅ Certificate of Origin (CO) | ✔️ | To determine eligibility for any potential exemptions |
| ✅ FDA Registration | ✔️ | For food/supplement imports into the US |
| ✅ Commercial Invoice | ✔️ | Clearly state "Apple Cider Vinegar" or "ACV Powder" |
| ✅ Packing List | ✔️ | Detail net/gross weight, package type |
| ✅ Label Copy | ✔️ | Must include English ingredient list, net content, manufacturer info |
✅ 2. Declaration Tips (Key Mnemonics)
🔥 "Liquid to 2209, Powder to 2106, Supplement to 2106, Don't Mix Them!"
| Scenario | Correct Declaration | Wrong Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Liquid ACV (100% pure) | 2209.00.10.00 |
Declare as "food prep" → 17.5% vs 20% (slight diff, but compliance issue) |
| ACV Powder (with maltodextrin) | 2106.90.98.00 |
Declare as "vinegar" → Rejection/Fine |
| Blended Vinegar | 2209.00.90.00 |
Declare as "apple vinegar" → Misclassification |
| Industrial Acetic Acid | 2915.22.00.00 |
Declare as "food vinegar" → Safety/FDA Violation |
✅ 3. Special Case Handling
| Scenario | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Organic ACV | Provide Organic Certificate; may qualify for preferential treatment in some markets (not US) |
| ACV with "Mother" | Declare as "unfiltered"; no tariff difference, but affects FDA inspection |
| Bottled vs. Bulk | Bottled: Declare as retail; Bulk: Declare as industrial/commercial |
| Imported by Non-US Entity | Ensure Importer of Record is registered with CBP and FDA |
🌍 V. Global Main Market Clearance Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Tariff | Certification | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 US | 2209.00.10.00 |
20% (CN origin) | FDA + Labeling | High due to surtaxes |
| 🇨🇳 China | 2209.00.10.00 |
5% | No surtax | Low tariff, easy entry |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 2209.00.90.00 |
0-10% | EFSA Compliance | Check country-specific rules |
| 🇬🇧 UK | 2209.00.90.00 |
0-10% | FSA Compliance | Post-Brexit rules apply |
| 🇦🇺 Australia | 2209.00.10.00 |
5% | FSANZ | Low tariff |
📌 Conclusion:
- US has the highest effective tariff (20%) for Chinese-origin ACV.
- China and Australia have low tariffs (5%).
- EU/UK have moderate tariffs (0-10%) but stricter food safety regulations.
📌 VI. Common Mistakes & Pitfall Guide (Lessons Learned)
❌ Mistake 1: Declaring ACV Powder as "Vinegar" (2209)
👉 Consequence: Customs rejection or fine because powder is not vinegar.
❌ Mistake 2: Under-declaring acetic acid content
👉 Consequence: Misclassification if >10% acetic acid → may require chemical safety data.
❌ Mistake 3: Not providing FDA Registration
👉 Consequence: Hold at port, destruction, or return.
❌ Mistake 4: Using "Apple Juice" for ACV
👉 Consequence: Major misclassification → 0% vs 20% → Penalty + Back Taxes.
✅ Correct Practice:
"Apple Cider Vinegar, Liquid, Unfiltered, 5% Acidity, Bottled, 16oz, FDA Registered, Origin: China"
🎯 VII. Conclusion: Precision Declaration, Cost Reduction, Efficiency!
🎯 Remember the Mnemonic:
🔹 "Liquid 2209, Powder 2106, Supplement 2106, Don't Mix!"
🔹 "Tariff 20% for US, 5% for China, 0-10% for EU/UK/ANZ"
🔹 "FDA is a must, Labeling is key, Classification is fate!"
📌 Tips:
- If your ACV is originating from Vietnam, Thailand, or Malaysia, you may apply for IEEPA exemption or GSP/FTA benefits (check latest agreements).
- Recommend applying for Advance Ruling from CBP for complex blends (e.g., ACV + herbs).
📣 Immediate Action:
📞 Contact a licensed customs broker + Provide product samples + Apply for HS Code Advance Ruling
🚀 Ensure smooth clearance, maximize profit, and scale your ACV business globally!
✨ Professional Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
💼 Every cent of your cost deserves precise calculation!
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关于 HS 编码归类
协调制度（HS）是由世界海关组织（WCO）制定的国际贸易商品分类标准。全球 200 多个国家采用 HS 系统作为海关关税、贸易统计和进出口监管的基础。
每个 HS 编码遵循以下层级结构：
- 章（2 位）——商品大类（例如：第 84 章：机器和机械设备）
- 品目（4 位）——章内的更具体分类
- 子目（6 位）——国际通用细分，所有 WCO 成员国统一使用
- 本国细分（8-10 位）——各国自行扩展的细分编码，如美国 HTSUS 10 位编码
正确的 HS 编码归类对于顺利通关、准确缴纳关税和遵守贸易法规至关重要。错误归类可能导致海关延误、多缴关税或罚款。
从CN进口到US时，适用的关税税率可能包括：
- 最惠国（MFN）税率——适用于 WTO 成员国的标准关税税率
- 普通税率——适用于无贸易协定国家
- 贸易救济关税——附加关税，如 301 条款（反倾销）、232 条款（国家安全）或反补贴税
本页内容仅供参考。如需正式归类，请咨询当地海关或持牌报关代理。