Fresh Skin (Non Leather)
CN β US| HS Code | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Doc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4101901020 | 17.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 4101901010 | 17.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
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AI Analysis
π Fresh Raw Hides & Skins of Bovine Animals (Raw Hides and Skins of Bovine or Equine Animals)
π HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Clearance Strategy π I. Product Definition & Classification: Do You Really Understand "Fresh Raw Hides"?
Raw hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals are the fundamental raw materials for the leather industry. In international trade, they are categorized by animal type, processing state, and part of the body.
State of Preservation: - Fresh or Wet-salted: The most common forms for immediate shipment. "Wet-salted" means preserved with salt but not fully dried. - Not Tanned: The key exclusion. These are not yet converted into leather. If they were tanned, they would fall under Chapter 41 (Part II) or Chapter 43.
Anatomical Parts: - Butts and Bends: The high-quality rear and shoulder sections. - Bellies and Other Parts: Lower quality or irregular cuts.
β οΈ Key Distinction:
- If the hide is tanned, parchment-dressed, or further prepared β It is not this category.
- If it is fresh, wet-salted, dried, limed, or pickled β It falls under HS 4101.
- Bovine vs. Equine: This guide focuses on Bovine (Cattle/Buffalo), which commands higher value and specific tariff rules.
π¦ II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Comparison)
Based on the provided data, there are two specific HS Codes for Bovine hides that are Fresh or Wet-salted:
| HS Code | Product Description | Applicable Scenario | Quality/Part |
|---|---|---|---|
4101.90.10.10 |
Raw hides of bovine animals: Fresh or wet-salted: Butts and bends | High-quality rear/shoulder sections; premium leather starting material | β Premium Part |
4101.90.10.20 |
Raw hides of bovine animals: Fresh or wet-salted: Other (including bellies) | Bellies, sides, irregular cuts, or mixed parts; standard/commodity grade | βͺ Standard Part |
π Critical Note:
- Both codes apply to Bovine animals only.
- Excluded: Equine animals (horses), Sheepskins, Goatskins, etc., which have different subheadings.
- Excluded: Pretanned hides (which have specific "pretanned" codes not listed in the provided data).
π° III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Details (Including Surcharges & Policy Add-ons)
β Applicable Country: United States (US)
β Origin: China (CN) (Based on tax details provided)
β Effective Time: Current (2025-2026)
π― 1. 4101.90.10.10 ββ Bovine Hides: Butts and Bends (Fresh/Wet-salted)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff Rate | 0.0% (ad valorem) |
| Section 301 Additional Tariff | +7.5% |
| Total Tax Rate | 7.5% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 7.5% |
| De Minimis Exemption | β Not Applicable (Usually, raw agricultural/animal products >$800 are subject to duties; however, the low rate makes it less critical than high-tech goods, but still payable). |
| Legal Basis | HTSUS 4101.90.10.10 + Section 301 Footnote |
π Explanation:
- The Base Rate is 0% because the US generally encourages the import of raw materials for domestic tanning industries.
- The 7.5% is a punitive/additional tariff (likely under Section 301 or similar trade remedies on Chinese goods).
- Total Liability: You pay 7.5% on the total CIF value of the shipment.
π― 2. 4101.90.10.20 ββ Bovine Hides: Other Parts (Bellies, etc.) (Fresh/Wet-salted)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff Rate | 0.0% (ad valorem) |
| Section 301 Additional Tariff | +7.5% |
| Total Tax Rate | 7.5% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 7.5% |
| De Minimis Exemption | β Not Applicable |
| Legal Basis | HTSUS 4101.90.10.20 + Section 301 Footnote |
π Note:
- Identical tax treatment to4101.90.10.10.
- Even though "Bellies" are lower quality, the tariff rate is the same as premium "Butts" in this specific HS classification.
- Do not assume lower quality means lower tax; the duty is volume/value-based, not quality-based here.
π οΈ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Real-World Pitfall Avoidance)
β 1. Required Documentation Checklist (Non-negotiable)
| Document | Mandatory? | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| β Commercial Invoice | βοΈ | Must clearly state: "Raw Hides, Bovine, Wet-salted, Not Tanned." |
| β Packing List | βοΈ | Must specify weight (Gross/Net) and number of hides. |
| β Veterinary Certificate | βοΈ | CRITICAL: Proof that hides are free from Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) and other contagious animal diseases. |
| β Salt Percentage Certificate | βοΈ | Proof that salt content is sufficient for preservation (usually >10-12%). |
| β Country of Origin Certificate | βοΈ | Required for Section 301 tariff assessment. |
| β HS Code Declaration | βοΈ | Specify 4101.90.10.10 or 4101.90.10.20 based on parts. |
β 2. Classification Tips (Key Mantra)
π₯ βBovine Only, Wet-Salted, Butts vs. Bellies, 7.5% Flat!β
| Scenario | Correct HS Code | Common Mistake |
|---|---|---|
| Cowhide, Fresh, Rear Part | 4101.90.10.10 |
Misclassifying as "Other" β Same tax, but wrong description may delay customs. |
| Cowhide, Wet-salted, Belly | 4101.90.10.20 |
Misclassifying as "Equine" β Different HS Code, different duties. |
| Tanned Leather | NOT IN DATA | If tanned, it moves to Chapter 41 Part II or Chapter 43. Do not use 4101. |
| Sheepskins | NOT IN DATA | Sheepskins fall under 4101.21/22/29. Do not use 4101.90. |
β 3. Special Situation Handling
| Situation | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Mixed Parts in One Shipment | If a shipment contains both Butts and Bellies, declare separately or use the code for the majority volume/value to avoid ambiguity. Best practice: Split lines in invoice. |
| Damaged/Split Hides | If hides are split (hide split into layers), they may still fall under 4101 if not further prepared, but check with a broker. Split hides often go to 4102.21 for sheep/goat or similar for bovine. Do not misclassify. |
| Preservation Method | If "Dried" instead of "Wet-salted," the HS Code changes. The data provided only covers "Fresh or Wet-salted." Dried hides have different subheadings. |
π V. Global Main Market Clearance Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Tariff | Certification Requirement | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| πΊπΈ USA | 4101.90.10.10 / .20 |
7.5% | Veterinary Cert + FMD-Free Proof | Highest cost due to 7.5% add-on. |
| π¨π³ China | 4101.90.10 |
0% | None | Import-friendly for raw materials. |
| πͺπΊ EU | 4101.21/22/29 |
0% | TSE/ESB Compliance | Different HS structure; 4101.90 not always used. |
| π§π© Bangladesh | 4101.21/22 |
0-5% | Veterinary Cert | Major importer of bovine hides. |
π Conclusion:
- The US is the most expensive market for Chinese-origin bovine hides due to the 7.5% additional tariff.
- EU and China offer tariff-free or low-duty entry, making them attractive for raw material sourcing.
- Veterinary Certification is the biggest barrier to entry in all markets.
π VI. Common Errors & Pitfall Guide (Lessons Learned)
β Error 1: Declaring Tanned Leather as "Raw Hides"
π Consequence: Severe Penalty. Tanned leather has different environmental and usage rules. Customs will reclassify and fine.
β Error 2: Mixing Bovine and Equine hides in one declaration
π Consequence: Customs Hold. Bovine and Equine have different HS codes. Must be separated.
β Error 3: Ignoring Preservation Status
π Consequence: If "Wet-salted" is declared but hides are "Dried," or vice versa, it triggers a physical inspection and potential rejection due to biosecurity risks.
β Error 4: Missing Veterinary Certificate
π Consequence: Quarantine/Return. Hides are animal products. No vet cert = No entry in most countries, especially the US and EU.
β Correct Practice:
"Raw Bovine Hides, Wet-Salted, Not Tanned, From [Country], Certificate No. XXX, HS Code: 4101.90.10.10 (Butts)"
π― VII. Conclusion: Professional Clearance, Save Time, Reduce Cost!
π― Remember the Mantra:
πΉ "Bovine + Wet-Salted = 4101.90.10"
πΉ "Butts = .10, Bellies = .20"
πΉ "US Tariff: 7.5% (Base 0% + Add-on 7.5%)"
πΉ "Vet Cert is King!"
π Pro Tip:
- If you are importing to the US, factor the 7.5% duty into your cost.
- Ensure your supplier provides accurate part descriptions (Butt vs. Belly) to avoid customs queries.
- For large volumes, consider Pre-Arrival Review Service (PARS) with US CBP to confirm classification.
π£ Immediate Action:
π Contact your Customs Broker + Provide Vet Certs + Verify HS Code
4101.90.10.10or.20
π Smooth Clearance, High Efficiency, Profitable Trade!
β¨ Professional Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
πΌ Every Dollar Saved in Duties Adds to Your Bottom Line!
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About HS Code Classification
The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO) to classify traded products. Over 200 countries use the HS system as the basis for customs tariffs, trade statistics, and import/export regulations.
Each HS code follows a hierarchical structure:
- Chapter (2 digits) β Broad category of goods (e.g., Chapter 84: Machinery and Mechanical Appliances)
- Heading (4 digits) β More specific grouping within the chapter
- Subheading (6 digits) β Internationally standardized breakdown, used by all WCO member countries
- National subdivisions (8-10 digits) β Country-specific extensions for further classification, such as US HTSUS 10-digit codes
Correct HS code classification is essential for smooth customs clearance, accurate duty payment, and compliance with trade regulations. Misclassification can lead to customs delays, overpayment of duties, or penalties.
When importing from CN to US, the applicable tariff rates may include:
- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) rate β The standard duty rate applied to WTO members
- General rate β Applied to countries without trade agreements
- Trade remedy duties β Additional tariffs such as Section 301 (anti-dumping), Section 232 (national security), or countervailing duties
The information provided on this page is for reference purposes only. For official classification, please consult with your local customs authority or a licensed customs broker.