Raw Wood (Sawn or Rough)
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π² Raw Wood (Sawn or Rough) | Unprocessed Timber Logs & Planks
π HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Compliance Strategy
π I. Product Definition & Classification: What Exactly is "Raw Wood"?
"Raw Wood" in international trade refers to timber that has undergone minimal processingβspecifically sawing, half-sawing, or splitting. It excludes wood that has been planed, tongued, grooved, rebated, chamfered, V-jointed, center-rounded, or otherwise prepared for assembly.
It is primarily divided into two categories:
- Wood in the Rough (Logs): Trees stripped of branches, bark, and sapwood, cut to specified lengths.
- Sawn Wood (Planks/Lumber): Wood cut longitudinally into planks, boards, or beams, but not further shaped for final use.
β οΈ Critical Distinction Point: - If the wood is rough-sawn, with saw marks visible, and no planing/smoothing β Classified under Chapter 44 (Sawn Wood) or Chapter 44 (Logs). - If the wood is planed, sanded, or shaped (e.g., parquet, moldings, doors) β Classified under HS 4421 or other specific end-use codes. - If the wood is charred (Shou Sugi Ban) β May fall under HS 4403 if treated, but processing details matter.
π¦ II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority)
| HS Code | Product Description | Application Scenario | Processing Level |
|---|---|---|---|
4403.20.00.00 |
Wood, chemically treated, of tropical wood species (e.g., Mahogany, Teak) | Outdoor furniture, decking, high-end construction | β Treated/Rough |
4403.41.00.00 |
Oak (Quercus spp.), chemically treated | Premium flooring sub-base, barrel-making | β Treated/Rough |
4403.94.00.00 |
Other wood, chemically treated, not tropical | General construction lumber, pallets | β Treated/Rough |
4407.10.00.00 |
Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, of coniferous species (Pine, Spruce) | Framing lumber, plywood logs, construction beams | β Sawed/Rough |
4407.21.00.00 |
Wood of tropical wood species (e.g., Ipe, Cumaru), sawn | Decking material, outdoor cladding | β Sawed/Rough |
4407.91.00.00 |
Other wood, sawn or chipped, <6mm thick | Veneer sheets, thin wood chips | β Very Thin/Sawn |
4407.99.00.00 |
Other wood, sawn or chipped, >6mm thick | General hardwood planks, rough lumber | β Sawed/Rough |
4403.10.00.00 |
Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood | Raw logs, unprocessed timber | β Unprocessed Logs |
π Key Reminder: - Chapter 44 covers all wood products except fuel wood (Chapter 4401). - Rough-sawn wood must NOT have been planed or smoothed. If it has been sanded smooth, it may be classified under HS 4409 (Continuously shaped wood). - Treated wood (chemically impregnated) falls under 4403. Untreated wood falls under 4407 (if sawn) or 4401/4403 (if in rough/log form).
π° III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Breakdown (Including Additional Taxes)
β Applicable Country: United States (US)
β Country of Origin: China (CN)
β Effective Date: November 10, 2025 onwards
π― 1. 4403.20.00.00 β Wood, Chemically Treated, of Tropical Wood Species
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Basic Tariff Rate | 5.3% (ad valorem) |
| USITC Additional Tariff | +25% (from USITC Footnote 9903.88.01 under Section 301) |
| IEEPA Additional Tariff | +10% (ιε―ΉδΈε½/ι¦ζΈ―δΊ§εοΌθͺ2025εΉ΄11ζ10ζ₯θ΅·) |
| Total Tariff Rate | 40.3% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 40.3% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β Not Eligible (deny_de_minimis) |
| Legal Basis Path | IEEPA:9903.01.25 β IEEPA:9903.01.24 β USITC:4403.20.00.00 β FOOTNOTE:9903.88.01 |
π Explanation: - Tropical woods (e.g., Mahogany, Teak) are heavily scrutinized due to environmental concerns and Section 301 tariffs. - Chemical treatment does not exempt it from Section 301 duties. - Total rate of 40.3% is significant. Cost calculation must include this burden.
π― 2. 4407.10.00.00 β Sawn Wood, Coniferous Species (e.g., Pine, Spruce)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Basic Tariff Rate | 5.3% |
| USITC Additional Tariff | +25% |
| IEEPA Additional Tariff | +10% |
| Total Tariff Rate | 40.3% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 40.3% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β Not Eligible |
| Legal Basis Path | IEEPA:9901.25 β IEEPA:9903.01.24 β USITC:4407.10.00.00 β FOOTNOTE:9903.88.01 |
π Note: - Softwood lumber (Pine, Spruce) is also subject to Section 301 tariffs if from China. - Even if "rough," if it is sawn, it falls under 4407, not logs. - 40.3% total rate applies. This is a high-cost import category.
π― 3. 4403.94.00.00 β Other Wood, Chemically Treated
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Basic Tariff Rate | 5.3% |
| USITC Additional Tariff | +25% |
| IEEPA Additional Tariff | +10% |
| Total Tariff Rate | 40.3% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 40.3% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β Not Eligible |
| Legal Basis Path | IEEPA:9901.25 β IEEPA:9903.01.24 β USITC:4403.94.00.00 β FOOTNOTE:9903.88.01 |
π Note: - Applies to non-tropical, treated woods (e.g., Pressure-treated Pine). - Same 40.3% rate. Environmental compliance (ISPM 15) is critical.
π οΈ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Pitfall Avoidance Guide)
β 1. Required Documentation Checklist (Mandatory)
| Document | Must Provide | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| β ISPM 15 Marking | βοΈ | Must show heat treatment (HT) or fumigation (MB) stamp. No mark = Rejection! |
| β Fumigation Certificate | βοΈ | Issued by licensed agency. Must match HS Code and origin. |
| β Phytosanitary Certificate | βοΈ | Required by USDA APHIS for raw wood imports. |
| β Commercial Invoice | βοΈ | Must specify species, dimensions, treatment method, and HS Code. |
| β Packing List | βοΈ | Detailing pallets, planks, and any packaging material. |
| β Bill of Lading | βοΈ | Clean on-board B/L. |
| β Species Declaration | βοΈ | Scientific name (e.g., Pinus sylvestris) is required for certain species. |
β 2. Declaration Tips (Critical Keywords)
π₯ "HT Stamp, ISPM 15, Species Name, Rough Surface, No Planing!"
| Situation | Correct Declaration | Wrong Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Rough-sawn Pine | 4407.10.00.00 "Sawn Wood, Coniferous, Rough-Sawn" |
"Wood Planks" (Too vague) |
| Treated Teak | 4403.20.00.00 "Wood, Chemically Treated, Tropical" |
"Raw Timber" (Misses treatment) |
| Raw Logs | 4403.10.00.00 "Wood in the Rough, Unprocessed" |
"Sawn Wood" (Incorrect processing level) |
| Planed Lumber | 4409.10.00.00 "Continuously Shaped Wood" |
"Rough Wood" (Misclassification) |
β 3. Special Cases Handling
| Situation | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Wood from High-Risk Species (e.g., Rosewood, Mahogany) | CITES Permit may be required. Verify if species is listed. |
| Pallets vs. Product | If wood is for pallets, it must be ISPM 15 compliant. If product, same rule applies. |
| Mixed Species | Declare each species separately if possible. Mixed shipments may face higher scrutiny. |
| Moisture Content | Specify moisture content (e.g., "Seasoned to 19% MC"). Wet wood may require additional inspection. |
π V. Global Market Clearance Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Tariff | Certification Requirement | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| πΊπΈ USA | 4407.10.00.00 |
40.3% (China) | ISPM 15 + Phytosanitary | High tariff risk |
| π¨π³ China | 4407.10.00.00 |
5% | N/A | Low tariff, but import restrictions may apply |
| πͺπΊ EU | 4407.10.00.00 |
0% (if compliant) | EUTR (Due Diligence) | Strict legality verification |
| π¦πΊ Australia | 4407.10.00.00 |
5% | Biosecurity Permit | Quarantine risk is very high |
| π―π΅ Japan | 4407.10.00.00 |
0% | IPPC Mark | No tariffs, but strict inspection |
π Conclusion: - USA imposes the highest financial burden due to Section 301 tariffs. - EU and Japan focus on legal sourcing and phytosanitary compliance. - Australia has the strictest biosecurity rules. Delays are common without proper documentation.
π VI. Common Errors & Pitfall Guide (Lessons Learned)
β Error 1: Forgetting the ISPM 15 Stamp on wooden packaging or the wood itself.
π Consequence: Rejection or Destruction by customs. No exceptions.
β Error 2: Declaring "Planed Wood" as "Rough Wood" to avoid tariffs.
π Consequence: Misclassification, fines, and potential seizure. Planed wood has different HS codes and potentially different tariffs.
β Error 3: Using common names only (e.g., "Oak") without scientific names for high-risk species.
π Consequence: Delay in clearance for species verification. USDA may hold shipment until confirmed.
β Error 4: Ignoring CITES Regulations for exotic woods.
π Consequence: Confiscation of high-value items (e.g., Rosewood, Teak). Check CITES Appendix I & II.
β Correct Practice:
"Pressure-Treated Pine Lumber, 2x4, Rough-Sawn, ISPM 15 HT Marked, Fumigation Certificate Attached, Species: Pinus sylvestris"
π― VII. Conclusion: Precision in Classification, Safety in Compliance!
π― Remember the Mantra:
πΉ "ISPM 15 Stamp is King, Rough vs. Planed is Everything, Species Name Saves the Day!"
πΉ "HS Code Determines Duty, Tariff Difference is 40%, One Mistake Means Re-Export!"
π Pro Tip:
If your wood is sourced from Vietnam, Thailand, or Malaysia, you may qualify for preferential tariff rates under FTAs (e.g., CPTPP, RCEP). However, Section 301 tariffs may still apply if the origin is deemed to be China via transshipment.
Always request an Advance Ruling from CBP if unsure about the processing level (Rough vs. Planed).
π£ Immediate Action:
π Contact a licensed customs broker + Provide ISPM 15 Certificates + Verify Species
π Ensure Seamless Clearance, Avoid Biosecurity Holds, and Minimize Costs!
β¨ Professional Customs Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
πΌ Every Dollar Saved on Duty is Pure Profit!
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About HS Code Classification
The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO) to classify traded products. Over 200 countries use the HS system as the basis for customs tariffs, trade statistics, and import/export regulations.
Each HS code follows a hierarchical structure:
- Chapter (2 digits) β Broad category of goods (e.g., Chapter 84: Machinery and Mechanical Appliances)
- Heading (4 digits) β More specific grouping within the chapter
- Subheading (6 digits) β Internationally standardized breakdown, used by all WCO member countries
- National subdivisions (8-10 digits) β Country-specific extensions for further classification, such as US HTSUS 10-digit codes
Correct HS code classification is essential for smooth customs clearance, accurate duty payment, and compliance with trade regulations. Misclassification can lead to customs delays, overpayment of duties, or penalties.
When importing from CN to US, the applicable tariff rates may include:
- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) rate β The standard duty rate applied to WTO members
- General rate β Applied to countries without trade agreements
- Trade remedy duties β Additional tariffs such as Section 301 (anti-dumping), Section 232 (national security), or countervailing duties
The information provided on this page is for reference purposes only. For official classification, please consult with your local customs authority or a licensed customs broker.