Small Lathe
CN β US| HS Code | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Doc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8465990220 | 37.4% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8465990230 | 37.4% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8458190020 | 39.4% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8458190090 | 39.4% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8458110030 | 39.4% | CN | US | Official Doc |
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AI Analysis
π οΈ Small Lathe (Mini Lathes for Metal/Wood Working)
π HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Entry Strategy
π I. Product Definition & Classification: Do You Truly Understand "Small Lathes"?
A Small Lathe (often referred to as a Mini Lathe or Bench Lathe) is a versatile machine tool used for shaping metal, wood, or hard plastics by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool. In international trade, classification depends heavily on the specific application (metal vs. wood) and technical specifications (power, CNC capability).
Since the input "Small Lathe" is generic, it can map to multiple HS Codes depending on its primary function and construction. The following analysis breaks down the five most likely classifications based on the provided reference data.
π¦ II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Comparison)
| HS Code | Product Description | Applicability Scenario | Key Differentiator |
|---|---|---|---|
8465.99.02.20 |
Lathes (Woodworking Machinery) | Specifically for woodworking lathes. | If the lathe is primarily for wood, it falls here. The summary confirms "Lathe" matches exactly. |
8465.99.02.30 |
Other Woodworking Machinery | General woodworking machines not specified elsewhere. | If not a specific "lathe" but a woodworking machine, it falls under "Other." Functional logic is consistent. |
8458.19.00.20 |
Metal Cutting Lathes (Other) | Metal cutting lathes, specifically "Other" types (non-CNC, non-horizontal standard). | Matches "metal cutting" attribute. "Mini" does not exclude it from this category. |
8458.19.00.90 |
Metal Cutting Lathes (Other) | Metal cutting lathes, "Other" sub-category. | General metal-cutting machine. No conflict with "Other" category attributes. |
8458.11.00.30 |
Metal Cutting Lathes (Horizontal, CNC) | CNC or specific horizontal metal lathes. | Requires specific power/shape details (CNC/Horizontal). If missing, itβs a "Possible Match" due to description gap. |
π Key Insight:
- The term "Small" or "Mini" is not a definitive classifier in HS Codes. It is a size descriptor that must be mapped to the function (Metal vs. Wood).
- Woodworking Lathes (8465) and Metal Cutting Lathes (8458) are in completely different chapters. Misclassification here leads to significant duty discrepancies.
π° III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Breakdown (Including Surcharges & Policy Add-ons)
β Applicable Country: United States (US)
β Country of Origin: China (CN)
β Effective Date: Post-November 2025 (Current Trade War Context)
π― 1. For Woodworking Lathes: 8465.99.02.20 & 8465.99.02.30
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Duty Rate | 2.4% (Ad Valorem) |
| Section 301 Duty (USITC) | +25.0% (Trade War Tariff) |
| Section 122 Duty | +10.0% (Specific Provision for Chinese Imports) |
| Total Effective Tax Rate | 37.4% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 37.4% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β Not Eligible (High value threshold for machinery) |
| Legal Basis Path | Base Tariff β USITC:8465.99.02 β Sec301:Footnote β Sec122 |
π Explanation:
- Base 2.4%: Standard MFN (Most Favored Nation) rate for woodworking machinery.
- +25%: The primary "Section 301" tariff on Chinese industrial machinery.
- +10%: The "Section 122" tariff, a specific additional levy on certain Chinese imports, applying here.
- Total: 37.4%. This is a high-cost category. Profit margins must account for this heavy burden.
π― 2. For Metal Cutting Lathes: 8458.19.00.20, 8458.19.00.90, 8458.11.00.30
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Duty Rate | 4.4% (Ad Valorem) |
| Section 301 Duty (USITC) | +25.0% (Trade War Tariff) |
| Section 122 Duty | +10.0% (Specific Provision for Chinese Imports) |
| Total Effective Tax Rate | 39.4% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 39.4% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β Not Eligible |
| Legal Basis Path | Base Tariff β USITC:8458.19.00 or 8458.11.00 β Sec301:Footnote β Sec122 |
π Explanation:
- Base 4.4%: Slightly higher base rate for metal-working machinery compared to wood.
- +25% & +10%: Same trade war surcharges apply.
- Total: 39.4%. This is the highest cost scenario.
- Note:8458.11.00.30requires detailed specs (CNC/Horizontal). If your product is a simple manual mini-lathe, do not use this code if it doesn't match; use8458.19.00.x0instead. Misuse can lead to audits.
π οΈ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Real-World Pitfall Avoidance)
β 1. Documentation Checklist (Non-Negotiable)
| Document | Required? | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| β Product Specification Sheet | βοΈ | Must state: Material (Metal/Wood), Power (HP/kW), Max Swing Over Bed, Distance Between Centers. |
| β Detailed Photos | βοΈ | Show the headstock, chuck, tailstock, and control panel. Proves it's a "Lathe" and not a drill press. |
| β Electrical Diagram | βοΈ | Critical for classifying voltage and safety compliance (UL/ETL standards). |
| β Commercial Invoice | βοΈ | Must clearly describe the item as "Small Lathe" or "Mini Lathe," including material type. |
| β Packing List | βοΈ | List all accessories (chucks, tools, wrenches) to avoid "missing parts" fines. |
| β Certificate of Origin | βοΈ | Essential for verifying Chinese origin and applying the correct Section 301/122 rates. |
β οΈ Critical Tip:
- If the lathe is dual-purpose (can cut metal AND wood), US Customs will likely classify it based on its principal use. If it comes with metal-cutting tools, expect Metal Cutting (8458) classification and 39.4% tax. If it only has wood-turning tools, aim for 8465 and 37.4%.
β 2. Declaration Strategy (Key Mantras)
π₯ "Define Material, Specify Power, Declare Function Clear!"
| Scenario | Correct Declaration | Mistake to Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| Mini Lathe for Wood | "Woodworking Lathe, Mini Size, Manual" | Calling it just "Machine" β Vague β Higher scrutiny. |
| Mini Lathe for Metal | "Metal Cutting Lathe, Bench Type, 120V" | Calling it "Wood Lathe" when it has metal chucks β Misclassification β Penalty. |
| CNC Mini Lathe | "CNC Metal Lathe, Automatic" | Using 8458.19 for a CNC machine β Should be 8458.11 (if horizontal) or correct CNC code. |
| Kit/Parts | "Lathe Parts (Chuck, Gearbox)" | Declaring whole machine as "Parts" β Fraud risk. |
β 3. Special Handling for "Small/Mini" Lathes
| Issue | Solution |
|---|---|
| "Mini" is not a HS Code | Never declare "Mini." Use the technical function (Lathe) and add "Compact" or "Bench" in the description. |
| Voltage Mismatch | Ensure the lathe has a UL/ETL sticker for US 110V/120V. Without it, CBP may block entry for safety reasons. |
| Wood vs. Metal Ambiguity | Provide a product catalog image showing the intended material. If ambiguous, declare for the higher tax rate (Metal) to avoid future audits, or provide proof of primary use. |
| Section 122 Applicability | Confirm if the specific lathe model is on the Section 122 list. Most standard lathes are, but verify via the IEEPA/USITC databases. |
π V. Global Market Comparison (2026 Context)
| Market | Recommended HS Code | Base Duty | US Tariffs (if applicable) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| πΊπΈ USA | 8458.19.00.90 (Metal) or 8465.99.02.30 (Wood) |
4.4% or 2.4% | +35% (Sec301 + Sec122) | Total ~39.4% / 37.4%. High barrier. |
| πͺπΊ EU | 8462.29 (Metal) / 8465.91 (Wood) |
~3-6% | None | No US-style punitive tariffs. Easier entry. |
| π¨π³ China | 8462.29 / 8465.91 |
5-10% | None (Import Duty) | Standard rates apply. |
| π²π½ Mexico | 8462.29 / 8465.91 |
0-4% | None (USMCA Benefits) | Best Alternative for US market if assembled in Mexico. |
π Strategic Advice:
- For the US Market, the 37.4% - 39.4% total tax is substantial.
- Consider supply chain diversification (e.g., assembly in Mexico or Vietnam) to leverage USMCA or avoid Section 301/122 tariffs, if feasible.
- If selling to the US, ensure product liability insurance is in place, as machinery safety standards (OSHA/ANSI) are strictly enforced.
π VI. Common Errors & Pitfalls (Blood Lessons)
β Error 1: Classifying a Metal Lathe as a Wood Lathe to save tax.
π Consequence: Customs inspection reveals metal chips, metal chucks, or coolant systems. Heavy penalties + back taxes.
β Error 2: Ignoring Section 122 duties.
π Consequence: Assuming only 25% Sec301. The additional 10% is mandatory for many Chinese machinery items. Underpayment risk.
β Error 3: Vague Description "Small Machine."
π Consequence: CBP assigns a "Duty Paid" rate based on worst-case assumptions or holds the shipment for classification review (can take 2-4 weeks).
β Error 4: Missing UL/ETL Certification for electrical components.
π Consequence: Entry rejected at the port. Return to origin or destroy.
β Correct Practice:
"Small Bench Lathe, Model XYZ, 120V, 1HP, Manual Operation, Primarily for Metal Cutting, UL Listed, HS Code 8458.19.00.90"
π― VII. Conclusion: Professional Classification Saves Money!
π― Remember the Mantra:
πΉ "Wood or Metal? Declare it clear!
Mini or Big? Duty is here!
Sec301 plus Sec122, thirty-nine percent is the price!
Check your voltage, check your parts, keep your customs happy and start!"πΉ "Classification is King, Taxes are Queen. Get them right, or pay the price!"
π Pro Tip:
If your "Small Lathe" is CNC-controlled, ensure it is classified under 8458.11 (if horizontal) or the appropriate CNC subheading. CNC machines often have different duty nuances.
Always request an Advance Ruling (Ruling Letter) from US Customs for high-value shipments to lock in the HS Code and duty rate.
π£ Act Now:
π Consult a licensed customs broker.
πΈ Provide high-res photos and spec sheets.
π Ensure your Small Lathes cross borders smoothly, legally, and profitably!
β¨ Professional Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
πΌ Your Cost Control Depends on the First 10 Digits!
Customer Reviews
About HS Code Classification
The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO) to classify traded products. Over 200 countries use the HS system as the basis for customs tariffs, trade statistics, and import/export regulations.
Each HS code follows a hierarchical structure:
- Chapter (2 digits) β Broad category of goods (e.g., Chapter 84: Machinery and Mechanical Appliances)
- Heading (4 digits) β More specific grouping within the chapter
- Subheading (6 digits) β Internationally standardized breakdown, used by all WCO member countries
- National subdivisions (8-10 digits) β Country-specific extensions for further classification, such as US HTSUS 10-digit codes
Correct HS code classification is essential for smooth customs clearance, accurate duty payment, and compliance with trade regulations. Misclassification can lead to customs delays, overpayment of duties, or penalties.
When importing from CN to US, the applicable tariff rates may include:
- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) rate β The standard duty rate applied to WTO members
- General rate β Applied to countries without trade agreements
- Trade remedy duties β Additional tariffs such as Section 301 (anti-dumping), Section 232 (national security), or countervailing duties
The information provided on this page is for reference purposes only. For official classification, please consult with your local customs authority or a licensed customs broker.