undyed bovine leather
CN β US| HS Code | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Doc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4101201010 | 17.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 4101901020 | 17.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 4101901030 | 17.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 4205000500 | 37.9% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 4205001000 | 35.0% | CN | US | Official Doc |
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AI Analysis
π Undyed Bovine Leather (Raw Hides)
π HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Guide | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Strategy for Raw Hides
π One, Product Definition & Classification: What is "Undyed Bovine Leather"?
In international trade, Undyed Bovine Leather refers to raw animal skins or hides from cattle (bovine), which have undergone preservation (such as salting or chilling) but have not been tanned, crusted, or finished. These are the foundational materials for the leather goods industry.
Key distinctions in the HS Code structure: * Live Animals (Chapter 1) vs. Raw Hides (Chapter 41): Once the animal is slaughtered and the skin removed, it moves to Chapter 41. * Bovine (Cattle) vs. Other: Bovine hides are the most common, but specific sub-codes may distinguish between oxen, cows, and calves. * Condition: "Undyed" and "Untanned" are critical keywords. If tanned, it moves to Chapter 41 (Tanned Leather). If processed into belts or accessories, it moves to Chapter 42.
β οΈ Critical Distinction:
- If the hide is raw, salted, frozen, or dried but not tanned β Chapter 41 (Raw Hides & Skins)
- If the hide is tanned (even if undyed/unpainted) β Chapter 41 (Tanned Leather, different sub-codes)
- If the hide is processed into belts β Chapter 42 (Leather Articles)
π¦ Two, HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Comparison)
Based on the provided data, here are the applicable HS Codes for Undyed Bovine Leather in its raw, un-tanned state.
| HS Code | Product Description | Applicable Scenario | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
4101.20.10.10 |
Dry Raw Bovine Hide (Untanned) | Salting, chilling, or drying process complete; no tanning | β Raw, Untanned, Bovine |
4101.90.10.20 |
Dry Raw Bovine Hide (Pre-tanned/Dried) | Dried preservation state; pre-tanning phase | β Raw, Untanned, Bovine |
4101.90.10.30 |
Other Undyed Animal Leather (Raw) | Fallback category for other raw leathers not specifically listed | β Raw, Untanned, Animal Origin |
4205.00.05.00 |
Unprocessed Bovine Leather Belt | Raw leather cut into belt shape but not yet tanned/finished | β οΈ Note: Treated as Article of Leather (Chapter 42) |
4205.00.10.00 |
Unprocessed Bovine Leather Belt | Basic raw leather belt form | β οΈ Note: Treated as Article of Leather (Chapter 42) |
π Important Reminder:
- Raw Hides (4101) are subject to specific duties on raw materials.
- Leather Articles (4205) are subject to higher duties on manufactured goods.
- Do not confuse "Raw Hide" (Chapter 41) with "Tanned Leather" (also Chapter 41 but different sub-codes) or "Leather Products" (Chapter 42).
π° Three, 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Breakdown (Including Additional Taxes & Policy Surcharges)
β Applicable Country: United States (US)
β Origin: China (CN)
β Effective Date: 2025 onwards
π― 1. 4101.20.10.10 & 4101.90.10.20 & 4101.90.10.30 β Raw Bovine Hides (Untanned)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 0.0% (Ad Valorem) |
| Section 301 Additional Tariff | 7.5% (Standard 301 Rate) |
| 122 Provisions Tariff | 10.0% (Specific policy surcharge for raw hides/skins) |
| Total Tariff Rate | 17.5% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 17.5% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β No (High duty risk) |
| Legal Basis Path | USITC:4101.20.10.10 β Footnote:301 β Policy:122 |
π Explanation:
- While the base tariff is 0%, the additional tariffs significantly increase the cost.
- The 17.5% total is composed of 7.5% (Section 301) + 10% (122 Provisions).
- Raw hides are strategic materials, and the 122 provisions may target specific origins or types.
π― 2. 4205.00.05.00 & 4205.00.10.00 β Unprocessed Leather Belts (Raw)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 2.9% (for 4205.00.05.00) / 0.0% (for 4205.00.10.00) |
| Section 301 Additional Tariff | 25.0% (High rate for finished/semi-finished leather goods) |
| 122 Provisions Tariff | 10.0% |
| Total Tariff Rate | 37.9% (for 4205.00.05.00) / 35.0% (for 4205.00.10.00) |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value Γ 37.9% or 35.0% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | β No |
| Legal Basis Path | USITC:4205.00.05.00 β Footnote:301 β Policy:122 |
π Explanation:
- Leather articles (Chapter 42) are taxed much higher than raw hides (Chapter 41).
- The 25% Section 301 tariff is standard for most leather goods.
- The 10% 122 Provisions applies here as well.
- Result: A 35-38% tax burden, which is significantly higher than raw hides (17.5%).
π οΈ Four, Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Pitfall Avoidance Guide)
β 1. Preparation Checklist (All Required)
| Document | Mandatory | Description |
|---|---|---|
| β Product Specification Sheet | βοΈ | Must specify: Bovine origin, preservation method (salted/dried/frozen), weight, dimensions. |
| β Photos of Hides | βοΈ | Clear images showing texture, salt residue, and any markings. |
| β Commercial Invoice | βοΈ | Clearly state "Raw Bovine Hide, Untanned, Undyed". Avoid "Leather" if it's raw. |
| β Packing List | βοΈ | Detail weight per hide, number of hides, and total gross/net weight. |
| β Health/Veterinary Certificate | βοΈ | Required for animal products to confirm disease-free status. |
| β Certificate of Origin | βοΈ | To determine applicability of 301 and 122 tariffs. |
β 2. Declaration Tips (Key Mantras)
π₯ "Raw hides are Chapter 41, Articles are Chapter 42. Name it right, save 20%!"
| Scenario | Correct Declaration | Incorrect Practice |
|---|---|---|
| Raw, Salted Bovine Hide | 4101.20.10.10 (17.5%) |
Declaring as "Leather Belt" β 37.9% |
| Dried Bovine Hide (Untanned) | 4101.90.10.20 (17.5%) |
Declaring as "Finished Leather" β Higher rate |
| Raw Leather Belt (Cut but Untanned) | 4205.00.05.00 (37.9%) |
Declaring as "Raw Hide" β Misclassification penalty |
| Other Raw Animal Skin | 4101.90.10.30 (17.5%) |
Misclassifying as Bovine β Potential fine |
π Note:
- Do not use the term "Leather" loosely. In customs terminology, "Leather" often implies tanned leather. Use "Raw Hide" or "Untanned Hide" for Chapter 41 items.
- If the item is a belt, even if raw, it may fall under Chapter 42 due to its specific form.
β 3. Special Circumstances
| Situation | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Mixed Batches | Separate bovine from non-bovine. Bovine has specific sub-codes. |
| Salted vs. Dried | Specify preservation method. Different sub-codes may apply. |
| OEM Custom Sizes | Provide dimensions to confirm if itβs a "hide" or a "cut piece" (which might be Chapter 42). |
| High Value Raw Hides | Consider applying for Advance Ruling to confirm HS Code and duty rate. |
π Five, Global Market Comparison (2026 Latest)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Duty Rate (China Origin) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| πΊπΈ United States | 4101.20.10.10 |
17.5% | Includes 301 + 122 tariffs. High cost. |
| π¨π³ China | 4101.20.10.10 |
Low | Import duties on raw hides are often minimal or zero to support domestic tanning. |
| πͺπΊ European Union | 4101.20.10 |
0% | Free trade on raw hides. No additional surcharges. |
| π¬π§ United Kingdom | 4101.20.10 |
0% | Similar to EU. |
| π¦πΊ Australia | 4101.20.10 |
5% | Standard import duty, no 301 equivalent. |
π Conclusion:
- USA is the most expensive market for importing raw hides due to 301 and 122 tariffs.
- EU and UK are favorable for raw hide imports with 0% duty.
- Chapter 42 (Finished/Article) is expensive globally, but especially in the US.
π Six, Common Mistakes & Pitfalls (Lessons Learned)
β Mistake 1: Calling "Raw Hide" "Leather" in the invoice.
π Consequence: Customs may classify under Chapter 42 or demand additional documentation, causing delays.
β Mistake 2: Not specifying "Bovine" vs. "Other Animal".
π Consequence: Wrong HS Code β Potential penalty or higher duty.
β Mistake 3: Ignoring the 122 Provisions.
π Consequence: Underpayment of duty β Back taxes + Interest.
β Mistake 4: Declaring a Raw Leather Belt as a Raw Hide.
π Consequence: If itβs already cut into a belt shape, itβs likely Chapter 42 (37.9%), not Chapter 41 (17.5%). You will pay the higher rate after review.
β Correct Approach:
"Raw Bovine Hide, Salting Preserved, Untanned, Undyed, Weight: 20kg per piece, Origin: China"
π― Seven, Conclusion: Professional Declaration, Cost Optimization
π― Remember:
πΉ "Raw Hide is 17.5%, Leather Article is 37.9%. Don't mix them up!"
πΉ "Chapter 41 for Raw, Chapter 42 for Articles. Precision saves money!"
π Tip:
If your raw hides are originating from Vietnam, Mexico, or Thailand, you may be eligible for IEEPA exemptions or lower rates. Always check the Certificate of Origin carefully.
For high-volume imports, Apply for an Advance Ruling from US Customs (CBP) to confirm the HS Code and duty rate.
π£ Immediate Action:
π Contact a professional customs broker + Provide product photos + Apply for HS Code Advance Ruling
π Let your raw hides clear customs smoothly, reduce costs, and maximize profit!
β¨ Professional Customs Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
πΌ Every cent of duty is worth calculating precisely!
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About HS Code Classification
The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO) to classify traded products. Over 200 countries use the HS system as the basis for customs tariffs, trade statistics, and import/export regulations.
Each HS code follows a hierarchical structure:
- Chapter (2 digits) β Broad category of goods (e.g., Chapter 84: Machinery and Mechanical Appliances)
- Heading (4 digits) β More specific grouping within the chapter
- Subheading (6 digits) β Internationally standardized breakdown, used by all WCO member countries
- National subdivisions (8-10 digits) β Country-specific extensions for further classification, such as US HTSUS 10-digit codes
Correct HS code classification is essential for smooth customs clearance, accurate duty payment, and compliance with trade regulations. Misclassification can lead to customs delays, overpayment of duties, or penalties.
When importing from CN to US, the applicable tariff rates may include:
- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) rate β The standard duty rate applied to WTO members
- General rate β Applied to countries without trade agreements
- Trade remedy duties β Additional tariffs such as Section 301 (anti-dumping), Section 232 (national security), or countervailing duties
The information provided on this page is for reference purposes only. For official classification, please consult with your local customs authority or a licensed customs broker.