锁具及锁紧配件
CN → US| HS Code | Tariff Rate | Origin | Destination | Doc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8301106080 | 23.6% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 7326908676 | 87.9% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8301105000 | 13.6% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8302419045 | 38.5% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 8302416045 | 88.9% | CN | US | Official Doc |
| 7326908688 | 87.9% | CN | US | Official Doc |
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AI Analysis
🔒 Locks & Locking Fittings: The Ultimate Classification & Clearance Guide
🌐 HS Code Reference & Customs Clearance Strategy | 2026 Latest Tariff Analysis | Professional Compliance Protocol
📌 I. Product Definition & Classification: Do You Really Understand "Locks"?
Locks and locking fittings are critical security components used in construction, automotive, electronics, and daily life. In international trade, classification often hinges on material composition and specific application, leading to drastically different tariff outcomes.
Key Classification Divergence: 1. Specialized Locks (Heading 8301/8302): Finished locks designed for specific use (e.g., padlocks, building fittings). 2. General Metal Articles (Heading 7326): Unspecified metal parts or articles that do not fit specific headings, often serving as a "fallback" category for raw or semi-finished metal locking components.
⚠️ Critical Distinction:
- If the lock is explicitly for construction/building use or is a padlock → Often falls under 8301 or 8302.
- If the material is inferred as Iron/Steel but doesn't fit specific locking headings → May fall under 7326.
- Material matters: Iron/Steel items often incur higher "Section 301" or "122 Clause" surcharges compared to other base materials.
📦 II. HS Code Classification Details (2026 Latest Tariff Authority Mapping)
Based on the provided data, here are the 6 potential HS Codes for "Locks & Locking Fittings," ranked by logical inference and tax impact.
| HS Code | Summary/Logic | Total Tax Rate | Tax Composition Breakdown |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8301.10.50.00 | Lowest Risk/Rate: Padlocks/Locks. Inferred as non-ferrous base metal. No major conflicts. | 13.6% | Base: 3.6% Section 301: 0.0% Clause 122: 10% |
| 8301.10.60.80 | Padlocks (Base Metal): Inferred as base metal (non-iron/steel). Fits "Other" category for padlocks. | 23.6% | Base: 6.1% Section 301: 7.5% Clause 122: 10% |
| 8302.41.90.45 | Building Fittings: Inferred as base metal hardware for construction. | 38.5% | Base: 3.5% Section 301: 25.0% Clause 122: 10% |
| 8302.41.60.45 | Metal Hardware (High Penalty): Inferred as metal. Triggers high "Steel/Aluminum/Copper" surcharge. | 88.9% | Base: 3.9% Section 301: 25.0% Clause 122: 10% Steel/Al/Cu Surcharge: 50% |
| 7326.90.86.76 | Iron/Steel Articles: Inferred as Iron/Steel. General category for other metal articles. | 87.9% | Base: 2.9% Section 301: 25.0% Clause 122: 10% Steel/Al/Cu Surcharge: 50% |
| 7326.90.86.88 | Iron/Steel Articles (Alt): Similar to above, inferred as Iron/Steel, not on exclusion list. | 87.9% | Base: 2.9% Section 301: 25.0% Clause 122: 10% Steel/Al/Cu Surcharge: 50% |
🔍 Key Insight:
- The lowest tax rate (13.6%) is associated with 8301.10.50.00, implying a specific classification for padlocks or similar items where the material is not iron/steel, or it benefits from a 0% Section 301 duty.
- The highest tax rates (~88%) occur when the item is classified as Iron/Steel (7326) or Metal Hardware (8302) and is subject to the 50% "Steel, Aluminum, Copper Products" surcharge.
- Section 122 Clause (10%) applies universally across all listed codes in this dataset.
💰 III. 2026 Latest Tariff Rate Breakdown (Detailed Tax Clauses)
✅ Applicable Country: USA (US)
✅ Origin: China (CN)
✅ 生效时间: 2025/2026 Current Regimes
🎯 1. 8301.10.50.00 – The Optimal Choice (13.6%)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 3.6% |
| Section 301 Duty | 0.0% (Unique benefit for this subheading) |
| Clause 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 13.6% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 13.6% |
| De Minimis Eligibility | ❌ Generally excluded for China-origin goods under Section 301/Clause 122 rules. |
📌 Explanation:
- This code offers the lowest total tax burden.
- It assumes the lock is a padlock (8301.10) and avoids the high Section 301 surcharges that apply to other lock types or metal articles.
- Strategy: If your product is a standard padlock, ensure it is described accurately to qualify for this favorable treatment.
🎯 2. 8301.10.60.80 – Standard Padlock (23.6%)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 6.1% |
| Section 301 Duty | 7.5% |
| Clause 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 23.6% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 23.6% |
📌 Explanation:
- Still within "Padlocks" (8301.10), but classified under a different subheading ("Other") which attracts a 7.5% Section 301 surcharge.
- Useful if the padlock has specific features not covered by 50.00.
🎯 3. 8302.41.90.45 – Building Hardware (38.5%)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 3.5% |
| Section 301 Duty | 25.0% |
| Clause 122 Duty | 10% |
| Total Effective Rate | 38.5% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 38.5% |
📌 Explanation:
- Classified as "Mounting Fittings for Doors, Windows, etc."
- Suffers from the standard 25% Section 301 duty. No heavy metal surcharge here, but still significant.
🎯 4. 7326.90.86.76 / 88 – Iron/Steel Articles (87.9%)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 2.9% |
| Section 301 Duty | 25.0% |
| Clause 122 Duty | 10% |
| Steel/Al/Cu Surcharge | 50% |
| Total Effective Rate | 87.9% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 87.9% |
📌 Explanation:
- Extremely High Tariff!
- Triggered when the lock is inferred to be made of Iron or Steel and does not fit neatly into specialized locking headings (8301/8302).
- The 50% surcharge on Steel/Aluminum/Copper products is the primary driver.
- Risk: High risk of customs audit if material is clearly steel but declared incorrectly to avoid this rate.
🎯 5. 8302.41.60.45 – Metal Hardware (88.9%)
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| Base Tariff | 3.9% |
| Section 301 Duty | 25.0% |
| Clause 122 Duty | 10% |
| Steel/Al/Cu Surcharge | 50% |
| Total Effective Rate | 88.9% |
| Tax Calculation | CIF Value × 88.9% |
📌 Explanation:
- Similar to above, but classified under 8302 (Building Hardware) with the same heavy metal surcharge.
- Slightly higher base and total tax than 7326, but same punitive structure.
🛠️ IV. Customs Clearance Practical Advice (Pitfall Avoidance)
✅ 1. Preparation Checklist (Mandatory Documents)
| Document | Required? | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Product Specification Sheet | ✔️ | Must specify Material (e.g., Zinc Alloy, Brass, Stainless Steel, Iron). This is critical for HS Code determination. |
| ✅ Product Photos | ✔️ | Clear images of the lock, including any branding, model numbers, and internal mechanisms if visible. |
| ✅ Commercial Invoice | ✔️ | Must clearly state "Lock" or "Locking Fitting" and declare the exact material. |
| ✅ Packing List | ✔️ | Details weight, dimensions, and quantity. |
| ✅ Country of Origin Certificate | ✔️ | If applicable, to prove non-China origin (to avoid Section 301/Clause 122). |
| ✅ Third-Party Test Report | ✔️ | Security ratings (e.g., ASTM, EN standards) can support the "Lock" classification over "General Hardware." |
✅ 2. Declaration Strategy (Key Mnemonics)
🔥 “Material Defines Rate, Category Defines Code!”
| Scenario | Correct Declaration Strategy | Incorrect Practice | Consequence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Alloy Padlock | Declare as "Padlock, Zinc Alloy" → Aim for 8301.10.50.00 or 8301.10.60.80 |
Declare as "Metal Fitting" → Risk 7326 (87.9%) |
Avoids 50% Steel Surcharge |
| Iron Steel Door Lock | Declare as "Door Lock, Iron" → Likely 8302.41.90.45 or 8301.10.60.80 (if padlock) |
Declare as "General Steel Part" → Risk 7326.90.86 (87.9%) |
Avoids 50% Steel Surcharge |
| Stainless Steel Lock | Declare as "Lock, Stainless Steel" → Check if Stainless qualifies for lower surcharges. | Assume "Steel" = High Tax | Stainless may have different surcharge rules than Carbon Steel. |
| Lock + Key Set | Declare as "Complete Lock Set" | Declare "Lock" and "Key" separately | Keys might be classified differently; bundling as a lock set is safer. |
✅ 3. Special Considerations
| Situation | Handling Advice |
|---|---|
| Mixed Materials | If a lock has a steel body and a brass shackle, the essential character (usually the locking mechanism/body) determines the HS code. Be prepared to justify the primary material. |
| OEM Custom Locks | Provide design drawings to prove it is a specialized lock, not a generic metal part. This supports classification under 8301/8302 rather than 7326. |
| Anti-Piracy/Security Tags | If electronic, may fall under Chapter 85. Ensure physical locks are clearly distinguished from electronic access control systems. |
🌍 V. Global Market Comparison (2026 Update)
| Country/Region | Recommended HS Code | Est. Duty | Key Certifications | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA | 8301.10.50.00 (if Padlock) |
13.6% | None specific | Avoid 7326/8302 Steel classifications due to 50% surcharge. |
| 🇨🇳 China | 8301.10.50.00 |
~5-10% | CCC (if applicable) | Lower base duties. |
| 🇪🇺 EU | 8301.10.00 |
0-2% | CE | No Section 301/Clause 122 equivalents. |
| 🇬🇧 UK | 8301.10.00 |
0-5% | UKCA | Post-Brexit rules apply. |
📌 Conclusion:
- The US market is the most challenging due to Section 301 and Clause 122 tariffs, especially the 50% surcharge on Steel/Aluminum/Copper.
- Material declaration is the single most important factor. Misdeclaring a steel lock as "Zinc Alloy" to avoid the 50% surcharge is high-risk and can lead to severe penalties.
📌 VI. Common Errors & Pitfalls (Lessons Learned)
❌ Error 1: Classifying all locks under 7326 (General Steel Articles).
👉 Consequence: 87.9% Tax! Avoid this unless the item is truly a generic metal part and not a functional lock.
❌ Error 2: Failing to specify material in the description.
👉 Consequence: Customs will infer the worst-case scenario (usually Steel/Iron) → 87.9% Tax.
❌ Error 3: Ignoring "Clause 122."
👉 Consequence: Even if Section 301 is 0%, Clause 122 adds 10% universally. Ensure your compliance team is aware of this baseline cost.
❌ Error 4: Mixing "Electronic Access Control" with "Physical Locks."
👉 Consequence: Electronic locks may fall under Chapter 85. Misclassification leads to delay.
✅ Correct Practice:
"Padlock, Zinc Alloy Body, Brass Shackle, Keyed Alike, Model XYZ, Made in China"
→ Supports classification under 8301.10.50.00 or 8301.10.60.80, avoiding the 50% Steel Surcharge.
🎯 VII. Conclusion: Precision Saves Money!
🎯 Remember the Mantra:
🔹 "Padlocks & Building Fittings < Steel Articles"
🔹 "Material Matters: Zinc/Brass vs. Steel"
🔹 "Clause 122 is Always 10%, But Steel is +50%!"
📌 Pro Tip:
If your locks are made of Aluminum or Brass, ensure this is explicitly stated. The 50% Steel/Aluminum/Copper Surcharge applies to all three. However, classification under 8301 (Padlocks) might still offer a 0% or lower Section 301 duty compared to 7326 (General Articles).
Recommendation:
- Prioritize 8301.10.50.00 if you are selling padlocks.
- Avoid 7326.90.86.xx unless absolutely necessary, as it triggers the maximum penalty.
- Consult a Customs Broker to file an Advance Ruling for complex mixed-material locks.
📣 Immediate Action:
📞 Contact your freight forwarder with precise material specs.
🚀 Audit your invoices to ensure "Lock" and "Material" are clearly declared.
💼 Optimize for 13.6% instead of 88.9%!
✨ Professional Customs Clearance Starts with Accurate Classification!
💼 Your Profit Margin Depends on the Right HS Code!
Customer Reviews
About HS Code Classification
The Harmonized System (HS) is an internationally standardized nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO) to classify traded products. Over 200 countries use the HS system as the basis for customs tariffs, trade statistics, and import/export regulations.
Each HS code follows a hierarchical structure:
- Chapter (2 digits) — Broad category of goods (e.g., Chapter 84: Machinery and Mechanical Appliances)
- Heading (4 digits) — More specific grouping within the chapter
- Subheading (6 digits) — Internationally standardized breakdown, used by all WCO member countries
- National subdivisions (8-10 digits) — Country-specific extensions for further classification, such as US HTSUS 10-digit codes
Correct HS code classification is essential for smooth customs clearance, accurate duty payment, and compliance with trade regulations. Misclassification can lead to customs delays, overpayment of duties, or penalties.
When importing from CN to US, the applicable tariff rates may include:
- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) rate — The standard duty rate applied to WTO members
- General rate — Applied to countries without trade agreements
- Trade remedy duties — Additional tariffs such as Section 301 (anti-dumping), Section 232 (national security), or countervailing duties
The information provided on this page is for reference purposes only. For official classification, please consult with your local customs authority or a licensed customs broker.